Eastern Approaches to a United Reality

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Eastern Approaches to a United Reality

Buddhism

Nirvana

Five Skandhas compose the Buddhist "Self" and can be achieved by:

Mental Formations

Consciousness

Perception

Sensation

Form

Four Noble Truths

Marga: The Noble Eightfold Path is the path to Nirvana, and can be achieved through various religious actions(meditation, effort...)

Nirodha: The end of suffering is in Nirvana, but all negative desires must cease

Samudaya: Tahna, an attachment or desire rooted in ignorance, is the cause of the suffering

Dukkha: Suffering is normal and a part of life

Taoism

Yin and Yang

Yin represents female darkness and regression and the white part represents male light and progress, and are equally balanced, representing the coexistence of mind and matter.

Wu-wei

Wu-wei is non-action is Taoism. The purpose of life is to live in harmony with the natural course of life, and ultimately achieve immorality.

Main goal of Taoism is to live life simply, honestly and in harmony with nature

Hinduism

Four purposes of life in Hinduism:

Moksha: Enlightenment

Artha: Prosperity

Karma: Desire and enjoyment

Dharma:Fulfilling one's purpose

Brahman(One Ultimate Reality)

In Hinduism, it is the cause of everything that exists

Confucianism

Humaneness: Benevolence, altruism and goodness towards others

Reciprocity:"What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others."- Confucius

Ritual Conduct: Adherence to social norms and performance of customs

Social Participation(Music, Poetry...)

Search for Self does not exist in Confucianism, but the Four Begginings(Yen,Li, Chi, Yi) are used as what our "pre-selves" are