Категории: Все - volume - permeability - gradient - vegetation

по hui sien 13 лет назад

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Factors that influance river energy

The energy and volume of a river are influenced by several interconnected factors. Permeability of the surrounding rocks affects water infiltration and runoff; high permeability reduces river volume, whereas low permeability increases it.

Factors that influance river energy

Factors that influance river energy

Volume of the river

Climate

Places with low rainfall have a lower volume of water in the river

PLaces with high rainfall have a higher volume of water in the river

The climate affect the volume of water in its channel

Permeability of rocks

Low permeabilty decrease infiltation and increase runoff .Thus , the volume of water in the river is high

High permeabilty increase infiltration and decrease runoff , Thus, volume of water in the river is low .

Presence of vegetation
How it affect ?

Sparse vegetation leads to high surface runoff , thus increasing the amount of water in a river .

Abundant vegetation decrease , the amount of surface runoff , thus reducing the amountof water in the river

How the presence of vegetation affect the volume of a river

Size of Drainage basin
how it affect ?

A large drainage basin result in large volume of water in the river .

A small drainage area result in a small volume of water in the river .

What ?

How a size of drainage affect the voulme of river

Large drainage = large sureface area = large amount of water

Speed of flow on the river

Wetted perimeter

A small wetted perimeter causes the speed of the river to be high because there is less friction

A large wetted perimeter causes the speed of the river to be low because there is a lot of friction

The shape of a river channel affects the wetted perimeter , which is the length and breadth of the channel in contact with the river's water

Gradient of channel

A steep gradient causes the speed of river to be high

A gentle gradient causes the speed of the river to be low

What

The speed of the river depends on the gradient / steepness of the channel

roughness of channel
How it affect

A smooth channel increases the speed of the river because of lower friction

A rough channel reduces the speed of the river because of high friction

What

how the presence of obstacles would cause friction between the water and channel and affects the speed