Plural y Singular

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USES OF PLURAL AND SINGULAR IN SUBSTANTIVES

Use of the Plural in nouns

Regular Plurals Let's start with the rules to form the plural of regular nouns. These are the regular plurals. The plurals that end in -s Regular Plurals Let's start with the rules to form the plural of regular nouns. These are the regular plurals. The plurals that end in -s The rule: For the vast majority of nouns in English, the plural is formed by adding -s. Singular form plural form boy boys

The plurals that end in -es The rule: If the singular form of the noun ends in a whistling consonant, the plural is formed by adding -es. The whistling consonants are those that have a hissing or hissing sound, such as -ch, -s, -sh, -ss, -x, and -z. It would be impossible to pronounce a -s after these sounds without introducing a vowel. To remember the whistling consonants, you can use a phrase like Zoey says she kisses cheese boxes (Zoey says she kisses cheese boxes) which includes all the whistling consonants.

The plural of nouns that end in or Rule: For most singular nouns ending in or, the plural is formed by adding -s. However, there are singular nouns that end in or whose plurals are formed with -es. The plural form of a noun that ends in two vowels is always -s.

The plural of nouns ending in -y The rule: If the singular form of the noun ends in a consonant and the letter -y, the plural is formed by removing the -y and adding -ies.

Irregular Plurals Now let's consider the irregular ones plurals , or the irregular plurals. Keep in mind that irregular plurals in English do not follow normal rules and must be memorized individually. Luckily, the irregular plurals are relatively few. The plurals without change The rule: There are singular nouns whose plural forms are equal to the singular form. Most nouns in this category are animals, but there are also several other words.

The plural of nouns that come from foreign languages Most nouns that come from foreign languages follow the regular rules of pluralization. However, there are several nouns in English that come from Latin or Greek that retain their exceptional plural forms, and some that come from other languages as well. As many of these nouns also exist in Spanish, some of the irregular plural forms are similar to those of Spanish. But it is important to be careful, because there are also many divergences. Singular form plural form index indices vertex vertices

Plural

If the word ends with 'sh', 'ch', 's', 'x' or 'z', we add 'es'. Ex. One church - two churches one bus - two buses one box - two boxes

Some names that end with the 'o' carry plurals with 'is'. Eg one tomato - two tomatoes one hero - two heroes one potato - two potatoes

If the word ends with 'vowel + y', we usually add only one 's'. Ex. One day - two days one boy - two boys

If the word ends with 'consonant + y', we usually change the 'y' for an 'i' and add 'es'. Ex. One baby - two babies one party - two parties one lady - two ladies

If the word ends with an 'e', we only add an 's'. Ex. One name - two names

There are few exceptions that do not normally change in the plural, such as 'fish', 'sheep' and countless names like 'money', 'water', 'wine' etc. - There are also irregular plurals: one child - two children one woman - two women one person - two people one foot - two feet one mouse - two mice one tooth - two teeth