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reduction
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neurons
作者:
Gabriela Segovia
1 年以前
71
Aplications of the oxidation-reduction process
Galvanic cells, also known as voltaic cells, are devices that generate electric current from a spontaneous oxidation-reduction chemical reaction, supplying electrical current through the transfer of electrons.
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Aplications of the oxidation-reduction process
Applications of electrochemical reactions
Industry
Molten NaCl electrolysis: method widely used in industry to obtain sodium and chlorine in its elemental state
Mettalic coatings, electroplating: applying a thin layer of metal on an electronic current conducting surface
Electric batteries: They are the industrialized and commercial formats of galvanic cells. (car batteries are the traditional battery model)
Nature
Corrosion in metals
Electric eels
Nerve impulses generated neurons
Electrolytic cells
To force a chemical reaction that would otherwise not occur
Electrochemical cell in which electrical energy is used to drive a non-spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction
Galvanic or voltaic cells
Function
To supply electrical current through a redox reaction to the transfer of electrons
Definition
Devices capable of generating an electric current from a spontaneous chemical reaction of oxidation-reduction
Steps to balance a redox reaction
Check that both sides of the equation have the same number of atoms of each element
Balance the remaining elements that do not oxidize or reduce to obtain the balanced equation
Transfer the coefficient that appears in front of each substance in the half-balanced reactions
Match the number of electrons lost in oxidation to the number of electrons gained in reduction
Balance the charge in each equation. This should be done after the balance of mass.
Perform the balance of mass. Same number of chemical species on both sides
Write the two oxidation and reduction half-reactions
Identify the elements that change their oxidation state or charge
Assign the oxidation numbers to each element in the reaction
Oxidation number
Are the assigned charges to the different atoms involved of a species
Oxidizing and reducing agents
Reducing agent
Increases its oxidation number
Loses electrons
Oxidizing agent
Decreases its oxidation number
Gain electrons
Oxidation and reduction concepts
Reduction: electron gain
Oxidation: loss of electrons
Whenever one species is reduced, there is another that is oxidized