Carl Rogers' Theories on Humanistic Psychology
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People are trustworthy
People are constructive, good and honest
All individuals are trying to behave honorably
Only when trust can be established, can accept the potential for an honest, respectful, and risk-taking relationship
The Fully-functioning person
Unconditional regard for the self
They are able to live in harmony with others
They are open to experiences
These people have a flexible self-concept
Those who achieve congruency become a fully-functioning person
Congruence
Carl Rogers believes that by pursuing Self-actualisation and following unconditional positive regard, people can get closer to a state of congruence
This leads to low self-esteem, confidence and even, depression
When our self-image does not match with our ideal self we are in a state of incongruence
Carl Rogers believes that people have the concept of an 'ideal self" that conflicts with who they really are
Development of the Self
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Begins during childhood and heavily influenced by parenting
Parenting
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Children who were neglected and made to feel like they had to 'earn' their parents' love may end up with low self-esteem and feelings of unworthiness
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Children provided with unconditional love and positive regard grew up to have a healthier concept of self
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Those with a stable sense of self were more confident and capable to cope with life's challenges
Having a healthy self-concept
Unconditional Positive Regard
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Therapist must practise non-judgement and make the client feel comfortable during the session
Client should feel free to express both negative and positive feelings
Therapist must accept the client as they are
Therapist must provide this
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Self-Actualisation
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They strive to obtain maximum amounts of themselves and their potential
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Their motivation to reach their goal outweighs any external factors holding them back
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People have autonomy and self-control
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Everyone has a built-in ability to reach their own goals
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Believes that all people possess an inherent need to grow
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