Effective planning involves outlining necessary activities to achieve organizational goals, focusing on both strengths and weaknesses internally and identifying opportunities and threats externally through SWOT analysis.
PROBLEM SOLVING vs DECISION
PROCESS
*Problem sloving is the process
of taking corrective action to
meet objective.
*Dicision making is the process
of selecting a course of action that
will solve a problem
DECISION STYLES
* Reflexive decision
making style.
* Consistent decision
making style.
PLANNING
SHOULD BE
May cover a long-
term or short term
period
Factual , logical
and realistic
Formally
prepared
DEFINATION OF
PLANNING
"Planning is the process of outlining the activities
that are necessary to archive the goals of organization"-
Lewis , Goodman & Fandt , 2001
"The process of determining in advance
what should be accomplished and how
it should be realized"-
Mondy , 1993
GOOD
PLANNING
SIX STEPS OF
EFFECTIVE DECISION
MAKING
1.Define the problem and
opportunity.
2.Set objective and
criteria.
3.Generate alternatives
4.Select the most feasible
alternative.
5.Implement the decision.
6.Control the result.
SWOT
ANALYSIS
It used to assess strength and
weaknesses in the internal
environment and opportunities
and threats in the external
environment.
S-Strength
W-Weakness
O-Opportunity
T-Threats
POOR
PLANNING
Generally considered to be the number
one reason why individuals and organizations
fail to archive their desired end result
BENEFITS OF
PLANNING
* A 'road map'
* Better coordination
* A focus on foward thinking
* more effective control system
