Concept of Knowledge
(Nurul Farhana Anas
1510362
section 8)
Adab and knowledge acquisition
beautify inner-self with virtue
learning what most important
ignore different opinions among people
humble toward teachers
minimize affairs of the world
purify soul from impure traits
One of the Beautiful/Names/Divines/attributes of God
knowledge lead to proper recognition of Allah
knowledge is light
gives benefits
bring justice
lead to proper place
knowledge is certainty
confront to reality and truth
knowledge is soul
qalb
aqal
when a soul in state of hidayah/to thinking
nafs
body fulfilling nafs
ruh
without body
Islam is religion based on upon knowledge
Sources of knowledge
sunnah
Types of Sunnah
acts based on
human experience
normal physical acts of
every human being
specific sunnah
of the Prophet
Sunnah of
binding law
the acts, saying and
approval of Messenger of Allah
clear path, pattern of life
Pure speech from Allah
- no corruption
- guidance and mercy
proof of prophethood
- light
book revealed from Allah to His Last Messenger and transmitted to us through an authentic continuous narration
Knowledge in Islam
Causes of leading to the crisis
Three group make corruption to knowledge
tahrif al ghalin (distorted interpretation of the extremists)
intihal al mubtilin (plagiarism)
most serious crime in education, religion
ta'wil al jahilin
external
confrintation with western culture and civilization
internal
Adab is invited to a plentiful and marvellous thing
Adab refer to
1) recognition and knowledge of the right and proper place, station,and condition in life
2) to self discipline in possible and willing participation in enacting one's role with that recognition and acknowledgement
loss of adab
knowledge is inside
knowledge is neutral
sometimes Quran refers to
soul as ruh,nafs,aqal,qalb
outside in our mind is not knowledge,
it is information,data,things(object of knowledge
within in our soul
it can be true or false
Crisis of knowledge
economics
spiritual
political
ignorance
in reality it is not knowledge
corruption of knowledge
Knowledge is certainty
it is obligatory for every one
Intention is very important
we have to renew our intention
Recitation of basmallah
according to Imam Syafie:
Wajib recite Basmallah
By Muslim Scholars
Ibnu Khaldun
Transmitted Knowledge
Linguistic sciences
(grammar, literature)
Sufism
Theology (dialectics)
Jurispudence
Al Hadith
Al Quran
Intellectual Knowledge
sciences dealing with quantity
astronomy
music
geometry
sciences of being beyond
nature/metaphysics
alchemy
magic & talismans
natural science/physics
medicine
Logic
Imam Al Ghazali
Theoretical (known the states of being as they are
Practical (deal with human to find out)
Presential (direct from Allah)
Acquired (indirect, with effort)
Religious (more specific than transmitted knowledge)
Intellectual (attained by human intellect alone)
Fard'ayn (obligatory every muslim)
Fard kifayah (obligatory for Muslim community as a whole)
Definition
There are two types of ignorant:
Compund Ignorant
when a person think he may know but actually he doesn't know
Simple Ignorant
when a person does not know
Realization of something in its true nature
a firm belief that accords with the reality of things
The arrival of the ma'ma(meaning of an
object in the soul and its arrival of the meaning(Al Attas)
Technically: realization of the meanings of thing(according to imam al Ghazali)
Literally: from word 'ilm : al-ma'rifah,al-fiqh,tadabbur,basiran,tadhakkur,tafakkur.
Purpose of seeking knowledge in Islam
to get Allah's pleasure
to distinguish between right and wrong
to achieve the happiness of both worlds
to practice with it
Opposite of knowledge
baseless speculation (nazar)
Mira' blameworthy lead to debate
together with negligence,
forgetfulness, sleep and death
extension of subjective
desire, lead to debate
conjecture
doubt
jahlul(ignorance)
Other than God is Alam
'alam: ayatullah. "we given two books'
Books of relevation (Quran: the hidden books)
Quran invite man to ponder, think and learn
knowledge is arrival of meaning
want to know meaning of quran
discover meaning of hidden signs
Books of nature
