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作者:Baranyai Krisztina 4 年以前

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KUTYÁK

A kutyák háziasítása során különféle viselkedési és külső jegyek alakultak ki, amelyeket kísérletek is vizsgáltak. A híres Beljajev-kísérlet során rókákkal végeztek szelekciós kísérleteket, ahol az emberrel barátságosabb egyedeket tenyésztették tovább, így néhány generáció után egyre több, kutyákra jellemző tulajdonság jelent meg.

KUTYÁK

KUTYÁK

The first division between continents was made by ancient Greek navigators, who named them 'landmass, terra firma'.

Generally classified by convention rather than any strict criteria, nowadays seven regions are regarded as continents from a geopolitical point of view.

Antarctica

Antarctica is not only the coldest place on Earth but also the highest, driest, windiest and emptiest, completely covered with ice.

75% of the world's ice and 70% of the Earth's fresh water is located here.

Summer months of December to February give 24 hours of light, while the winter months of late March to late September are pitch dark the whole day.

There are no permanent inhabitants, except for scientists maintaining research stations in Antarctica.

There is plenty of animal life in Antarctica. It is a continent of extreme conditions but a range of well-adapted animals thrive here at various times of the year.

Name at least 5 of these animals.

Half year light/half year dark

Antarctica sees half a year of light and half a year of complete darkness.
Write down which months give 24 hours of light, and which are the ones that give pitch darkness the whole day.

All day dark
All day light
Coldest temperature

The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was recorded here.

Write it down.

Answer
Temperatures

Write down the temperatures of the Frozen Continent during the summer and the winter.

Winter
Summer

Kutyák munkatásként

You can find on this continent:

Ételként

Kelet-Ázsiában (vagy éhínség idején a világ többi részén is) emberi táplálék is lehet belőlük, ilyen célra tenyésztett fajta például a csau csau


There are 12 countries that make up South America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

Kelet-Ázsiában (vagy éhínség idején a világ többi részén is) emberi táplálék is lehet belőlük, ilyen célra tenyésztett fajta például a csau csau
Haszon

őrkutyák, vadászkutyák, szánhúzókutyák, vakvezetőkutyák

terápiás állatként, házi kedvenc

Kutya háziasítása

North America has five time zones and it is the only continent with every type of climate.

North America was named after the explorer Amerigo Vespucci and is also known as the 'New World'.

The world's largest sugar exporter among the seven continents - Cuba - also called the 'sugar bowl of the world' is located here.

The specialty of some animals is they are found only in a particular region and nowhere else in the world. North America is home to many of such amazing animals.

Name at least 6.

3rd Largest River

Native Americans have lived along this river and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were hunter-gatherers, but some formed agricultural societies.

Formed from thick layers of the river's silt deposits, this river's embayment is one of the most fertile regions of the United States; steamboats were widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries to ship agricultural and industrial goods.

Name this river.

Largest Lake

The world's largest freshwater lake by surface area and the third-largest freshwater lake by volume can be found here. It provides a route for the transportation of iron ore, as well as grain and other mined and manufactured materials.

Large cargo vessels called lake freighters, as well as smaller ocean-going freighters, transport these commodities across this lake.

Name this lake.

Lake type
kísérletek

There are 23 countries that make up North America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

Összehasonlítás a farkassal
Jellemzők
-kutyák háziasításával kapcsolatban rókákkal végeztek kísérleteket
-Néhány generáció után egyre több kutyára jellemző viselkedési és külső jegy jelent meg a populációban
- néhány hím és nőstény rókát, és az emberrel barátságosabbakat tenyésztették tovább
Az elte kísérlete

Az 

ELTE

 munkatársai (Virányi Zsófia, Kubinyi Enikő, Miklósi Ádám) 2001 és 2003 között 13 farkas- és 11 kutyakölyköt neveltek fel családi körülmények között. A kísérletet 

Horkai Zoltán

 szelídített farkasai ihlették (bár korábban már 

A kőszívű ember fiai

 című film forgatásához is szelídítettek farkaskölyköket).

A Beljavev kísérlet

Beljajev-kísérlet

 során kutyák háziasításával kapcsolatban 

rókákkal

 végeztek kísérleteket. Kiválasztottak néhány hím és nőstény rókát, és az emberrel barátságosabbakat tenyésztették tovább (ez volt az egyetlen szelekciós szempont). Néhány generáció után egyre több kutyára jellemző viselkedési és külső jegy jelent meg a populációban

Wolf Science Center-ben zajló kísérlet

Australia

Australia is the world's smallest continent and is also known as an 'island continent' as it is surrounded by water on all sides.
It includes 14 countries and it is the least populated continent.

Its name comes from the Latin word 'australis' meaning 'southern' because it lies entirely on the south of the equator.

Australia is home to some animals that can't be found anywhere else in the world.

Name at least 6 of these unique animals.

Largest monolith

The largest sandstone monolith can be found here and it is one of Australia's most recognizable natural icons. It is the largest monolith in the world.

Name this rock and write down one of the characteristics it is famous for.

Famous for
Largest corall reef

The largest coral reef can be found here.
Name this coral reef, add its length and mention what type of coral is it.

Type

Out of 14, how many countries you can name?

How about these countries' capitals?

Fiji - Suva

Africa

Of the seven continents of the world, Africa is the second largest.

Africa comprises 54 countries and it is the hottest continent.

The equator passes through the middle of Africa and it receives direct sunlight throughout the year.

The world gets 66% of its chocolate, 50% of the gold and 95% of the diamonds from Africa.

What are the major animals found in Africa?
Also, there are a few species that can be found only in Africa.

Name at least 6 of these animals.

Largest desert

The largest hot desert in the world which used to be a lush region with many plants and animals.

The current climate makes it a difficult place for any life to exist. It is hot, dry, and windy.
Very hot during the day but the temperature can drop sometimes to below freezing at nights.

It rarely rains, some regions can go years without seeing a drop of rain.

Name this desert.

Area
Longest river

The world's longest river can be found here, famed for its ancient history and the archaeological sites along its shores.
This river gave rise to the early Egyptian civilization.

Name this river and add its length.

Length

Out of 54, how many countries you can name?

How about these countries' capitals?

Morocco - Rabat

Asia

Asia is the world's largest continent of the seven continents in size, as it covers one-third of the earth's surface.

It includes 50 countries, and it is the most populated continent, 60% of the total population of the Earth lives here.

What are the major animals found in Asia?

Name at least 4 of these animals.

Name
Seen from space

The only man-made structure that can be seen from space is located here.

Name this construction and add other facts about it.

Facts
Highest point on Earth

Asia houses the highest point on earth.
Name this summit and write down how tall it is.

Height

Name as many as you can out of the 48 countries located in Asia.

Write down the capitals too.

Japan - Tokyo

Fő topik

Europe

Europe is separated from Asia by the Ural mountains and the Caspian Sea.

It is surrounded by water on three sides: Mediterranean Sea in the south, Atlantic Ocean in the west, and the Arctic Ocean in the north.

Three-fourth of the world's potatoes grow in Europe.

Animals

Europe has many exceptional animals, birds, and reptiles with unique methods of staying and hunting.

Name at least 4 of them.

Name
Rivers

Europe is a large region, with several major rivers that connect its many countries. There are five primary rivers in Europe, and one of them flows through 10 countries, more than any other river in the world.

Name these rivers.

River's name
Mountain Ranges

Europe is one of the smallest continents, yet it is home to some of the largest mountain ranges.

About 20% of the total landmass of the continent is considered mountainous.

Name the 5 longest mountain ranges in Europe.

Mountains' name
Countries

The most beautiful cities in the world can be found in Europe. History, architecture, arts, and famous cuisine is representative almost to each country.

Out of 51 countries how many you can name?
And how many capitals?

Country
Czech Republic - Prague