TENSE

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TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT

use

To indicate that this is what we are talking about, words like "just", "already", "yet", "recently", "lately" are used

To talk about actions that began in the past and continue to the present

STRUCTURES

Auxiliary verb (have / has) + Subject + Verb in participle + Complement

Have I lost my wallet?

Subject + Auxiliary verb (have) + Not + Verb in participle + Complement

I have not watched that movie

Subject + auxiliary HAVE or HAS + past participle + complement

I have talked to the doctor

PRESENT SIMPLE

To talk about actions that are not limited to a specific moment

Likes and dislikes

Wishes and feelings

Subject + verb + complement

Do I eat a lot of fruits?

Subject + auxiliary do / does not + verb + complement

I do not eat a lot of fruits

Subtopic

Auxiliary do / does + subject + verb + complement

I eat a lot of fruits

verbs whose ending is –o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x, -z, add –es

PAST CONTINUOUS

Was / Were + subject + -ing form of the verb + complement?

Were you eating candies when I entered the room?

Subject + was / were + not + -ing form of verb + complement

I was not studying Physics at that time.

Subject + was / were + -ing form of verb + complement

Your dog was playing with its toys when I arrived

SIMPLE PAST

USE

indicate that an activity started and ended at a specific point

list a series of actions that were completed in the past

to talk about an action that lasted in the past

Did + subject + verb in its simple form + complement +?

Did you enjoy your fly?

Subject + didn’t / did not + verb in its simple form + complement

She did not go to the restauran

subject + verb in the past + complement

I enjoyed the tour

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Verbs ending in –ie instead place a and + -ing.

DESCRIBE ACTIONS OCCURRING IN THE MOMENT

STRUCTURE

INTERROGATIVE

Verb to be + subject + gerund verb + complement?

Is he listening to music?

NEGATIVE

Subject + verb to be + not + gerund verb + complement

You are not listening to music

AFFIRMATIVE

Subject + verb to be + verb in gerund + complement

EXAMPLE

I am listening to music