作者：Olivia Acheson 17 小時以前
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cognitive biases?
When I was in the process of picking schools I initally only looked at location, price, and hockey and ignored all of the other important parts which I didnt even think about
This was a cognitive bias for me because I just had limited space to process all of the information, and made multiple biases based on superficial knowledge.
fallacies?
A fallacy is an argument that is simply illogical or has no backbone.
There are multiple types of fallacies that have different affectiveness.
breaking down the information and looking deeper into the overall information
being open-minded, being able to apply your own knowledge, questioning all of the sources
teaches you how to problem solve more effectively
Subtopic
picking colleges is a good example of relating epistemology to critical thinking. students tend to look at what they believe is most important to them rather than doing a full deep dive into the school to find out the reality of all things that are important
they also get most, if not all of their information through that university's website, therefore leading to only getting biased information and scratching the surface of everything important.
people who do not apply epistomology read a headline and base thier thoughts and beliefs on the headline, do not read the whole article (does not look into it and believe it) dont use their own kknowledge
people who do go deeper into the article, and then use other sources and resources to find the reality of the article. instead of believing what one person says you look for many different people as well as using your own knowledge
example: misinformation/fake news
epistemology connects to CT because it is all about gaining knowledge and evidence, and then from there using critical thinking to determine the rationality, factualness, and questioning
Plato's Cave Allegory
The allegory of the cave has to do with the thought that ideas are real and symbols or objects are a representation of these ideas.
education is how you build your perception of reality and the objects around you are depictions of your mind.
the sun is a great example of being brought into reality, and that everyone views things differently, so therefore that is their perception, not the actual objects, however their view, ideals, and opinions of the objects.
when exiting the cave, the man saw the sun for the first time and began to see actual objects rather than the figures that were the only things he had been introduced to his whole life.
Explain beliefs versus knowledge versus truth
Beliefs are ideas and ideals based on personal opinion. Knowledge is knowing about both facts and beliefs. truth is based on factual information and evidence supporting it.
The world is filled with bias and assumptions about people, places, and situations. Bias can mess with your future due to the lack of critical thinking and putting emotions/ gut feelings out of the way.
There are abilities you need to be successful in critical thinking.
open-mindedness
ability to listen + understand others beiliefs
open-mindedness is a key component due to being able to relook at a perspective, find the reality, and create an unbiased opinion. The ability to make an unbiased opinion is huge is forming opinions
creative thinking includes lateral thinking as well, which can be helpful by having an indirect approach to view a problem in a different light. looking at both the positives and the negatives can play a large role in thinking logically.
analytical skills are important to identify patterns in behavior.
The ability to use knowledge to back a choice or opinion is a good example of critical thinking.
The 24-hour rule - use critical thinking skills rather than reacting right away. applying reasoning is important. pg 11
