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General:
CBC, Sputum(culture), Radiography(chest), CT scan
Interstitial Lung Disease
Related to inflammation of alveoli
Patchy white, diffuse x-rays; associated with Mycoplasma induced pneumonia
Intra-alveolar space infection; most community acquired pneumonia & bacterial pneumonia
patchy white diffuse spots on lung x-ray
Opacities in the lungs; may depend on severity of disease; progression of pathology
General Signs and Symptoms:
Fever,Rigors, Cough, Runny nose, Dyspnea, Chest pain
Atypical in response to antibiotics; Generally stains poorly due to lack of peptidoglycan or irregular cellular wall or absence of one
Virulence Factors 11
Diagnosis 11
Immunofluorescent staining for the presence of the intercellular presence of C. pneumoniae
General Characteristics 11
Non-motile, grown within vesicles, no cell wall, obligate intracellular bacteria
Treatment 11
Azithromycin or Erythromycin for 14 days
Treatment 10
Tetracycline or Azithromycin of a week
General Characteristics 10
Non-motile, grown within vesicles, no cell wall, obligate intracellular bacteria
Found in Birds, transmitted via aerosolization of avian feces
Diagnosis 10
serological testing for C. psittaci
Virulence Factors 10
Elementary Bodies, Reticulate Bodies, Inclusion bodies
doxycycline, azithromycin, or levlofoxacin
Incubation 3 weeks
Nonspecific flulike symptoms
dry or scantily productive cough
chest x-ray reveals patchy diffuse spots
aerobic,lack cytochromes, enzymes of the citric acid cycle, and cell walls, pleomorphic;
transmitted by respiratory droplets; found in lower respiratory tract
P1 cytoadhesin,adenosinediphosphate–ribosylase exotoxin
Long term antimicrobial treatment (doxycycline); vaccine
Q fever is diagnosed by serological testing
aerobic, obligate intracellular bacteria
transmitted to humans via aerosolized dried feces and urine
Causes Q fever
C. burnetii infective bodies
Macrolides: Erythromycin, azithromycin or clarithromycin
Quinolones: Levofloxacin or gatifloxacin Doxycycline
Abrupt onset of fever, chills, headache and non-productive cough; abnormalities in the GI tract, CNS, liver and kidneys
aerobic, coccobacilli in tissue, filamentous in culture, saprophyte
causes Legionnaire's disease
proteolytic enzymes, phosphatase, lipase and nuclease, C3b porin binding
combination of aminoglycosides and B-lactam antibiotics
blue-green pigment pyocyanin on agar
Multi-drug resistance; Hospital acquired illness
Gram (-), Aerobic
adhesins, bacterial neuraminidase, capsule, endotoxin, exotoxin A, exoenzyme S, exoenzyme T, Elastases, Phospholipase C, Antibiotic resistance, Pyocyanin
doxycycline; second generation cephalosporins
Sputum grey or creamy; grows well in C02 enriched incubator on chocolate agar
Gram(-), coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic capnophilic, obligate parasites; normal residents of oral cavity, spread via direct contact, coughing, sneezing
phagocyte -resistant capsules (PRP), adhesion proteins, lipooligosaccharide, pilus, IgA protease, Outer MB protein
Serological Testing to determine strain
Gram (-), Aerobic or facultative anaerobe, fermentative, catalase (+) rods
Urinary Tract; spread via consumption, commensal organisms, opportunistic infections, soil water, vegetation, -excretion from GI tract, animal reserve
O antigen, K antigen, H antigen, LPS, Capsule, Antigenic Phase Variation, Exotoxin , fimbriae, intracellular survival and multiplication, siderophores, hemolysins, resistance to serum killing, antimicrobial resistance, verotoxin,
Third-generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones
Extended Spectrum B-Lactamase Testing
Gram (-), Aerobic or facultative anaerobe, fermentative, catalase (+) rods, capsule;
Nosocomial infections, urinary tract,oropharynx and the GI tract, spread via opportunistic infections,
Capsule, endotoxins
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floxacillin; Zyvox
Culture Testing; clinical symptoms; golden colonies
Gram (+), catalase (+), coagulase (+), facultative anaerobe, non-motile, cluster of spheres golden colonies
Capsule, peptidoglycan, lysozyme, protein A, teichoic acids, clumping factor, cytolytic toxins, exfoliative toxin, TSST-1, enterotoxin, coagulate, catalase, haluronidase, fibinolysin, lipase, nuclease, lactamase
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penicillin; however MDR strains need amoxicillin or erythromycin in extreme cases or allergies
Clinical symptoms; culture confirmation
Gram (+), catalase (-), facultative anaerobe, encapsulated, oval or lancet-shaped, paired or short chains, α-hemolysis
Capsule, adhesin, secretory IgA protease, pneumolysin, autolysin, hydrogen peroxide
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