3.1: Defending North America - RSB

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3.1: Defending North America - ROSE SHEIKH-BAHAIE

Canada's Role in the Cuban Missile Crisis

PM Diefenbaker did not let Canada join the Cuba crisis, this angered the Americans and many Canadians as well. He did not believe the U.S. photographs, and believed they were a lie.

Canada's PM of the time didn't want Canada in major conflict. He sated that the issues was US's problem and it effect the US's policy and interests not the Canadians.

Because of the PM's decision to keep Canada out of the Cuban crisis the Canadian government took down Canada's NORAD forces that were on alert and did U.S. planes with atomic weapons had no permission to land on Canadian bases.

Canada's PM Diefenbaker believed he was protecting Canadian interests and independence by not helping the US with its owns nation's problems.

A poll taken later displayed that as many as 80% of Canadians thought Canada should not have had hesitated to help the US during the crisis. Eventually, Diefenbaker did put Canadian troops on alert, but damage to Canada-U.S relations had already been done.

The damage to Canada-U.S relations was at its worst when Canada refused help to the US. If Canada had continued to refuse help to the US trade between the two nations could have been at great risk as well.

Eventually Canada put Canadian troops on alert, relieving some Canadians and Americans from further nation-to-nation tensions.

Many believed that even though the Cuba Crisis was an American issues, Canada should not have hesitated to help its closets nation, best partner in trade, and its ally in war.

Canada's Acceptance of Nuclear Weapons in 1963

Canadians were unhappy with the possibility of nuclear weapons in the Canada knowing that nuclear war meant global destruction.

The Canadian minister of external affairs felt that Canadians should be non-nuclear. He said it was wrong to help the UN stop the building of nuclear weapons while we have them in our nation.

Others feared that if the Soviet Union knew Canada had nuclear weapons their aggression would grow, therefore causing nuclear war.

Overall everyone who was opposed felt that accepting nuclear weapons would only cause the threat of war to increase, and put Canada in unwanted and unnecessary danger.

The Liberals suggested that Canadians only accept nuclear weapons under certain, defined, conditions.

Businesses and newspapers supported the Liberals, because if Canada became an 'anti-Americanism' nation, it would have injured the trade from the United States.

Some felt Canada could not and should not entirely depend on the US for protection from nuclear war.

During Prime Minister Diefenbake's speech, of cancelling the Avro Arrow, he stated that defensive weapons would only be self if carrying nuclear weapons.

The Scrapping of the Avro Arrow

AGAINST

Many American officials wanted the project dead because if the US couldn't build a fighter of such greatness, then neither should Canada.

The costs to continue to build the Avro Arrows were unbelievably high, and the money would have to come from Canadian citizen's tax money.

No orders from foreign countries came and many said the Avro Arrow was a disorganized and overall bad company.

No one, including the Canadian Air Force wanted to buy it. It would have also costed 6 times more then its american equivalent.

FOR

The Avro Arrow represented apart of history when Canada stood up on its own and did its own thing.

It could have been the finest jet interspter in the world, and if it had remained it would a great part of Canadian history. The jet was built in Canada by Canadians. Making it truly Canadian.

Canada was apart of the top three of the largest producers of aeronautical parts in the world, however cancelling the Avro Arrow devastated the Canadian aerospace industry.

If the Avro Arrow project continued Canada could have had a 'man on the moon' beacue of the Avro Arrow Rover project.