95 Theses

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95 Theses

Significance Questions

What change did the primary source cause?

Ultimately improved religious freedom

The empowerment of the lower class led to action against other non ethical aspects of their lives.

The bible was translated from Latin to numerous other languages to make it more accessible.

Led to the Protestant Reformation in the 1500s against the Christian Church

Led to the widely accepted belief that Pope's were mis-teaching the bible, leading to withdraw from its practices.

Luther was put on trial to defend his Theses, leading to the court communicating him from the Chruch.

Luther was almost burned at the stake and was kidnapped by Fredrick the Wise who wanted to protect him.

A massive battle begun between Catholics and Lutherans, resulting in hundreds of thousands deaths.

His ideas spread through Europe, causing a nationwide outrage and change in Christian teachings.

Increased individualism and the awareness of the man controlling his fate in and after life.

The religion Jesuits was established by The Papal Bull.

The formation of Protestants versus Catholics and Chrisitians

What attitudes or beliefs of this era did the primary source reveal?

The concept of a moral conscience was becoming increasingly important

People had only just started challenging authority

Underscores the importance of being a devoted to a religion and chruch.

Religion was being misused and abused under the term "indulgence".

People had a strong sense of group thinking and a lack of independent values

The fear of God is represented in the document

Highlights the value of being forgiven by God before death.

The afterlife was a reality

People would shape their lives around seeking God's acceptance

Religion was an extremely powerful institution

Primary Source Questions

Whose perspectives are omitted/questioned/challenged?

Pope Julius II is being criticized for how the bible was shared in churches.

Doesn't consider the obstacles minorities faced at the time

The text was created to challenge Christian beliefs, therefore presenting them in a negative way.

Whose perspective does it reflect?

A powerful, white, and wealthy man living in Wittenberg Germany

Written from the perspective of someone who disagrees with the Christian church and does not practise it the way its taught.

Luther was more focused on Christianity and changing religion than handling geopolitical issues facing his society

Luther was well-educated and versed in Christian and Catholic religions

Luther's philosophical beliefs shaped each thesis

Based in the Roman Catholic religion and forming Lutheranism

What does it look like?

Written in Latin in a large, black, and curvy font.

It is a book that is yellow in colour and appears aged.

A physical piece of paper that looks similar to a scripture.

Luther nailed it to a Church door where it was initially discovered.

Who wrote it? Why?

Wrote it to reform and argue against a number of Christian practises and beliefs

To preach his own values and create a new religion himself

Martin Luther (1483-1546)

Taught at a University in Wittenberg

Luther was a German priest and theologian

Which questions can this source help me answer? Which can it not?

Provides zero context on any time period before or after the document, only Luther's beliefs and Christian practices.

Cannot explain actions taken by Luther previous to the Theses book

Cannot answer speculations on the connection between 95 Theses and the reformation

Can not answer questions about the church response

Answers how Luther felt towards religion

Cannot answer if the document led to any change in religion

What ideas are left out?

Different people that shaped the bible and Christian/Catholic religions

How humans came to be/ the origin story

Concepts of race, sex, and orientation that are present in the bible

How to remain devout while different religions co-exist

Female identifies and the role of family relationships

What are the big ideas?

Action needs to be taken to change the Christian and Catholic churches belief systems

Challenging authority in an act of anger against church practices

The concept of informing Christians of what they do not already understand about God

Not punishing someone for sins that have been forgiven (indulgence) is not acceptable.

Believes in penance (self -inflicted punishments to repent a wrong doing)

Believes in repentance (expressing regret for wrong doings)

How does the author communicate ideas?

States a Christian belief and then explains why it is wrong or how it is somewhat correct but has been misinterpreted

Shared opinions as statements, doesn't tell anyone except Chrsitans how to do anything

Through a list of his beliefs in the form of 95 Theses.