TEMA 4: HIPOTESIS Y VARIABLES

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TIPOS DE INVESTIGACION (Tamayo y Tamayo Mario)

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MEDIDAS ESTADISTICAS BIVARIANTES

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Mapa conceptual C++

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FORMULACIÓN DE HIPÓTESIS

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Hipotesis alternativas

Son posibilidades “alternativas” ante las hipótesis de investigación y nula. Ofrecen otra descripción o explicación distintas a las que proporcionan estos tipos de hipótesis.

Hipotesis nulas

Son, en un sentido, el reverso de las hipótesis de investigación

Hipotesis de Investigación

Podrían definirse como proposiciones tentativas acerca de las posibles relaciones entre dos o más variables y que cumplen con los cinco requisitos mencionados

TEMA 4: HIPOTESIS Y VARIABLES

Name the character


Type in the name of the character whose change throughout the story you are going to analyze.

Example: Nick Carraway.

VARIABLES

Character's behavior

Think of the character's behavior at the beginning of the story and look for the way it changed throughout the story.

TIPOS

PAPEL DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN

The reason for the change in behavior

Type in the explanation for the character's change of behavior.

Example: He became so involved with dishonest and careless people that he began to resemble them.

Variable Independiente

Variable Extraña

Variable Dependiente

NATURALEZA

The reason for the change in behavior

What caused the character to change the first behavior you mentioned? Type in the reason for the change.

Example: 'because no one else was interested ', and he felt Gatsby shouldn't be left alone in his last moments.

CUALITATIVAS

Nominales

Ordinales

CUANTITATIVAS

Continuas

Discretas

DEFINICIÓN

4.Evaluar más adecuadamente los resultados de nuestra investigación, porque las variables, y no sólo las hipótesis, han sido contextualizadas.

3.. Poder confrontar nuestra investigación con otras similares. Si tenemos definidas nuestras variables, podemos comparar nuestras definiciones con las de otros estudios para saber "si hablamos de lo mismo".

2.Asegurarnos de que las variables pueden ser evaluadas en la realidad a través de los sentidos

Change in behavior

In what way did the character change the other behavior(s) you mentioned? Type in a relevant quote.

Example:
'You said a bad driver was only safe until she met another bad driver? Well, I met another bad driver, didn't I? [...]
I thought you were rather an honest, straightforward person. I thought it was your secret pride.'

1.Cualquier persona que lea la investigación le den el mismo significado a los términos o variables incluidas en las hipótesis

Change in behavior

How did the character change the first behavior you mentioned? Type in a quote to prove your statement.

Example: Nick assumes the whole responsibility for Gatsby's funeral arrangements, 'with that intense personal interest to which every one has some vague right at the end.'

La variable se aplica a un grupo de personas u objetos, los cuales pueden adquirir diversos valores respecto a la variable.

Initial behavior

What is the character's behavior at the beginning of the story? Type in a relevant quote for your statement.

Example: Nick seems to be an honest person, calling himself 'one of the few honest people that I have ever known'.

Una variable es una propiedad que puede variar (adquirir diversos valores) y cuya variación es susceptible de medirse

Initial behavior

How does the character act at the beginning of the story? Type in a relevant quote for your statement.

Example: Nick shows his immature side as he leaves to New York in order to avoid 'being rumored into marriage' with his girlfriend.

HIPOTESIS

Character's feelings

Focus on the way the character's feelings are presented at the beginning and at the end of the story, while explaining why they have changed.

CRACTERISTICAS

Los términos (variables) de la hipótesis tienen que ser comprensibles, precisos y lo más concreto posible

The reason for the change of feelings


Why did the character change his feelings? Type in the answer.

Example: the East lost its appeal due to the shallowness, carelessness and corruption.

Los términos de la hipótesis y la relación planteada entre ellos deben poder ser observados y medidos, o sea tener referentes en la realidad

La relación entre variables propuesta por una hipótesis debe ser clara y verosímil (lógica)

Las hipótesis deben referirse a una situación social real

The reason for the change of feelings

What caused the character to change the first belief you mentioned? Type in the reason for the change.

Example: disgust towards the lack of morality in the Buchanan family.

FUNCIONES

Es probar teorías, si se aporta evidencia en favor de una.

Tienen una función descriptiva y explicativa, según sea el caso. Cada vez que una hipótesis recibe evidencia empírica nos dice algo acerca del fenómeno al cual está asociado o hace referencia.

Change of feelings

How did the character change the belief you mentioned?

Type in a relevant quote for his change.

Example: 'Winter night and the real snow, our snow(...)We drew in deep breaths of it . . . unutterably aware of our identity with this country for one strange hour before we melted indistinguishably into it again. That's my middle-west.' - Nick on the purity and integrity of Midwest.

Son las guías de una investigación. Formularlas nos ayuda a saber lo que estamos tratando de buscar, de probar

Change of feelings

In what way did the character change the feeling you mentioned?

Type in a quote to support your statement.

Example: 'They are a rotten crowd. You're worth the whole damn bunch put together.' - Nick criticizing the Buchanans.

CONCEPTO

Las hipótesis no necesariamente son verdaderas; pueden serlo o no, pueden o no comprobarse con hechos

Initial feelings

What was the character's initial belief? Type in a relevant quote.

Example: 'seems like the ragged edge of the universe' - Nick talking about Midwest, the place where he grew up.

Indica lo que estamos buscando y pueden definirse como explicaciones tentativas del fenómeno investigado

Initial feelings


How does the character feel about a certain subject at the beginning of the story? Type in a relevant quote to support your statement.

Example: "Reserving judgements is a matter of infinite hope."

Se redactarán una vez que las fuentes de información se han desarrollado y se han marcado las metas a perseguir por el equipo de investigación

Initial feelings


How does the character feel about a certain subject at the beginning of the story? Type in a relevant quote to support your statement.

Example: 'Reserving judgements is a matter of infinite hope.'