Comprehension

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Comprehension: What every teacher needs to know

How can we assess students' comprehension?

Why should students be reading multiple type of levels of text?

it provides students with knowledge of numerous text structures and improves their text-driven processing.

Why is explicit instruction so important?

This is where teachers interact with students and take an active role in their acquisition of strategies by explaining, demonstrating, and guiding.

Why are motivation and engagement so integral to comprehension?

Engagement holds their interest. Inspires students to want to understand.

choices about what to read and how to respond to reading

interest in topic

goals for reading

Motivation is the driving force that gets students to read.

emotional satisfaction

social interchange

involvement

Curiousity

What is reading comprehension?

comprehension is when readers make connections between what they know and what they are reading.

learning takes place when new info is integrated with what is already known.

How can we and our students comprehend at deeper levels?

Why should we integrate multiple representations of thinking into our teaching?

How are vocabulary and comprehension related?

Learning new concepts and words that encode them is essential to comprehension development.

■ An environment that fosters word consciousness—“the awareness of and interest in learning and using new words and becoming more skillful and precise in word usage” (Graves and Watts-Taffe, 2002, p. 144) ■ Students who actively participate in the process ■ Instruction that integrates vocabulary with the curriculum and word learning throughout the day and across subject areas ■ Instruction that provides both definitional and contextual information ■ Teachers who provide multiple exposures to words ■ Teachers who provide numerous, ongoing opportunities to use the words

What are examples of comprehension strategies?

evaluating

summarizing

monitoring

knowing how words work

visualizing

making connections

Self-questioning

Previewing

What is the role of influential teachers?

■ Believe that all children can learn ■ Differentiate instruction and know that motivation and multiple kinds of text are essential elements of teaching and learning ■ Understand that reading is a social constructivist process that functions best in authentic situations ■ Teach in print-rich, concept-rich environments ■ Have in-depth knowledge of various aspects of literacy, including reading, writing, speaking, and listening ■ Provide myriad opportunities for students to read, write, and discuss ■ Teach for a variety of purposes, using diverse methods, materials, and grouping patterns to focus on individual needs, interests, and learning styles ■ Understand the skills and strategies good readers use and can teach students how to use them ■ Use the information gleaned from formative assessments to increase understanding of individual student’s strengths and needs ■ Monitor student learning and adjust teaching as needed to ensure the success of all learners

Teacher's role in the reading process is to create experiences and environments that introduce, nurture, or extend students' abilities to engage with text.

Explicit Instruction

participating

facilitating

scaffolding

modeling

What is the role of a good reader?

Good readers read widely, monitor their understanding, and negotiate meaning. When good readers fail to understand they use "fix up" strategies.

Fix Up Strategies

cross-checking cueing systems

using context clues

rereading