Defining Science

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Defining Science

Conservatism: Conservatives believe in personal responsibility, limited government, free markets, individual liberty, traditional American values and a strong national defense. Believe the role of government should be to provide people the freedom necessary to pursue their own goals.

Cons: 1. Social programs suffer 2. Environmental awareness isn't as strong. 3. Not good for the working man - more into buisness

Real World Examples: Doug Ford, Current premiere of Ontario

Pros: 1. More fiscally responsible 2. Typically try to balance the budget 3. They are buisness friendly, which is good for the economy and generally will create jobs.

Important People 1. Richard Hooker 2. Edmund Burke

Socialism: Socialism means production to satisfy human needs, not as under capitalism, for sale and profit. Socialism means direct control and management of the industries and social services by the workers

Cons: 1. It gives the government much if not full control. 2. It demands higher taxes. 3. It can result to unnecessary spending by the government.

Real World Examples: Republic of Cuba

Pros: 1. Every citizen will have access to education and health care. 2. It results to a classless society. 3. It allows for balance in wealth and earnings.

Important People 1. Robert Owen 2. Vladimir Lenin

Anarchy: Anarchism is the idea that government (the state) is unnecessary and harmful. Anarchy is society without government.

Cons: 1. It requires real-world experience to make it functional. 2. It can create isolation. 3. It creates followers, just like any other form of societal control.

Real World Examples: Somalia (1991-2006)

Pros: 1. It adds creativity to the problem-solving process. 2. It eliminates the negative elements of society that binds people together. 3. It encourages discussion and cooperation to find common ground.

Important People 1. Eunice Minette Schuster 2. Josiah Warren

Marxism: Marxism is an economic and political ideology whose primary goal is to improve society by instituting the principles of socialism as a means to transform a capitalist run society eventually into a society that follows the principles of communism.

Cons: 1. It eliminates the concept of private ownership. 2. It abolishes religion. 3. There are no opportunities for entrepreneurs.

Real World Examples: People's Republic of China

Pros: 1. It creates a system of true equality. 2. It protects the rights of unions. 3. Debt is a rarity.

Important People 1. Karl Marx 2. Friedrich Engels

Fascism: Fascism is a form of government which is a type of one-party dictatorship. They work for a totalitarian one-party state. It stands for a centralized government headed by a dictator.

Cons: 1. It paves the way to the abuse of power. 2. It prevents people from enjoying free speech. 3.It can damage the country’s economy

Real World Examples: Italian government during WW2

Pros: 1. It prioritizes the welfare of the country. 2. It promotes socio-economic equality. 3. It improves peace and order.

Important People 1. Giovanni Gentile 2. Benito Mussolini

Nationalism: Nationalism is a political, social, and economic ideology and movement characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its homeland.

Cons: 1. It often leads to jingoism which includes brow beating and considering oneself superior to others. 2. Excessive chauvinism leads to tragic wars. 3. Politicians often manipulate feelings of people based on nationalism and justify even detrimental policies.

Real World Examples: Ukrainian Government

Pros: 1.It created big government which could look after health and education of the people and protect them. 2. It inspired people to make the greatest sacrifices and become better people in the course of it. Soldiers are ready to die for the motherland. 3. It was the voice of the people against the autocratic monarchs.

Important People: 1. Yasser Arafat 2. Sukarno

Totalitarianism: A totalitarian society is usually ruled by a dictator, and there is very little or no freedom. In totalitarianism, the government controls almost every aspect of life.

Cons: 1. Loss of freedom 2. Loss of creativity 3. The need for a huge prison and police force

Real World Examples: German government during WW2

Pros: 1. The ability to implement rapid change 2. The ability to force radical change 3. Group solidarity

Important People 1. Joseph Stalin 2. Adolf Hitler