Organigram

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Biology Biology is the study of life; in this unit we talked about cells (types, what they're made up of and specialization), the cell cycle, 3 organ system, and the interactions between the different systems.

da Ragubavan Sathurtheha

eukaryotic

da Abuya' .

The Big Picture

da Alex Medin

CELL ORGANELLES

da Erica Mertens

Common Ancestor -ester bonds in cell membrane -DNA as genetic storage

Common Ancestor of Eukarya and Archaea -presence of histones

Eukarya -membrane bound organelles and nucleus

Excavata -feeding grooce -secondary plastids

Euglenoids

SAR Clade

Rhizaria -filose pseudopodia

Radiolarians

Forminiferas

Common ancestor of Stramenophiles and Alveolata -secondary plastids

Alveolata -membranous vesicles on cell membrane

Dinoflagellates

Stramenophiles -tripartite flagellar hair

Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

Diatoms

Archaeaplastida (Plantae) -primary plastids

Red algae

Rhodophytes

Common ancestor of green algae and plants

Green Algae

Chlorophytes

Common ancestor of Charophytes and Plantae

Charophytes

Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii)

Plantae (Bryophytes and Tracheophytes) -sporic life cycle -presence of embryo -apical meristems -gametangia and sporangia -dessication-resistent

Liverworts

Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha)

Common ancestor of Mosses, Hornworts, and Tracheophytes

Mosses

Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens)

Common ancestor of Hornworts and Tracheophytes

Hornworts

Field hornwort (Anthoceros agrestis)

Tracheophytes (seedless and seed vascular plants) -leaves -lignin -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata -xylem and phloem

Lycophytes -lychophylls

Fan clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum)

Common ancestor of Monilophytes and seed vascular plants -megaphylls

Monilophytes

Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris)

Common ancestor of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms (seed vascular plants) -pollen -seed -heterospory -wood -ovules

Gymnosperms

Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Angiosperms -fruit -flowers -endosperm -ovaries

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)

Unikonta

Opisthonkonta -single posterior flagellum in swimming cells

Common ancestor of animals and choanoflagellates

Choanoflagellates

Animalia

American Black Bear (Ursus americanus)

Fungi

Basidiomycota

Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria)

Zygomyctes

Black Bread Mold (>Rhizopus stolonifer)

Amebozoa -psuedopodia that extend like tubes or flat lobes

Slime molds

Archaea -ether bonds in cell membrane

Methanobrevibacter smithii

Bacteria -presence of peptidoglycan in cell walls

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Escherichia coli (E. coli)