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Government

Being a citizen

When being a Canadian citizen you have rights and responsibilities

A responsibility is something that you are required to do(e.x All Canadian citizens are required to obey the law)

A right is something that you are allowed to have(e.x All Canadian Citizens have the right to vote)

Types of government

Democracy

Is when the citizens of the country vote and have a say in who the government behaves.

Dictatorship

Is when the leader of the country just comes(Usually relying on power and the army to keep them in control such as Hitler)

Monarchy

Canada was once a monarchy

Monarchy is when there is a king or queen or emperor who is the government leader.And when the monarch dies it is passed down to their son/daughter/nearest relative.

Levels of government

Provincial level

Responsibilities:Road Regulation,Finance,Law enforcement,Health Care,Education,Hospitals,Culture,Natural Resources,Labour,property laws and certificates

Gets it's money from Provincial taxes

Making laws

People are asking for a change

A MPP thinks of a Bill to help this

MPP's study the bill and vote to change it,accept or scrap it

If they accept it the Lieutenant Governor signs it and it is now a law

The province is divided into riding(which is your area).The person with the most votes in your area becomes a MPP and gets "1 point" for their party to win. Then the party with the most ridings wins and the leader of the party becomes the premier.

Must be 18 years old to vote

3 branches

The Judicial branch enforces the laws passed by the Legislative assembly

The Executive Branch has the Lieutenant Governor who represents the Queen,the premier(Doug Ford)and the premier's cabinet.Which are people that the premier chooses and will help them make decisions.

The Legislative branch has a Legislative assembly depending on which province you are from(for Ontario it's the MPP,Members of the provincial parliament)

Just like the Federal level the Provincial level has the 3 branches(Legislative,Executive and the Judicial branch)

Municipal level

Municipal elections

There are different ways of holding an election.Either the voters choose the councillors or it is divided into wards and representatives from each ward meet with the mayor on the council.

To vote need to be a minimum of 18 years old

Held every 4 years on the 2nd Monday of November

They get money from Money grants,non-tax revenue,user fees and property taxes

How a bylaw is made.

Someone finds a problem

A councillor thinks of a suggestion for the law

The suggestion is discussed and may be studied

The council votes.The majority wins if the majority said yes it will become a bylaw

Responsibilities:Snow removal,local police,fire department,garbage collection,libraries,parks,ambulance services,restaurant inspections,parking,public transit,animal control and public transit

Federal level

The 3 branches

Judicial

They discuss laws and are in charge of them,

Legislative

Members of Parliament

There are 308 elected MP's.They job is to vote and debate on important issues and laws

Senate

There are 108 senators(chosen by the Prime Minister and the Governor General).There job is to study bills and can change or reject them.

Executive

Has the Governor General who represents the queen,the Prime minister and their Cabinet.

Elections

Held within 5 years of the last election

The Country is divided into riding(which is your area).The person with the most votes in your area becomes a MP and gets "1 point" for their party to win. Then the party with the most ridings wins and the leader of the party becomes the prime minister.

Must be 18 years old

There are different parties the New Democratic Party,Liberal party,the Green party and the Progressive Conservative party.(These are also the same for the federal level)

How a law is made

An issue is found

A bill is made

The MP's vote.

If it is passed the Senate votes

If both groups agree,the governor general sign and it is a law.

Responsibilities:National defense,Criminal laws,foreign affairs,Agriculture,Immigration,Taxes,RCMP,Environment,Fisheries and Oceans,Canada Post,Canada Pension Plan and Trade.

Gets money from fees and taxes

Prime minsiter

Has a Cabinet that help him make decisions.And they have duties to like discussing important issuses

The prime minister is in charge of Canada and has duties(e.x representing Canada)