カテゴリー 全て - hazards - environmental - rubber - manufacturing

によって Maria K. 5年前.

223

Pencil/Cap Erasers

The production and use of erasers involve complex interactions between natural and synthetic materials, significant environmental impacts, and various social and power dynamics. Erasers, often made from materials like natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and various additives, are produced through processes that include fluid catalytic cracking, distillation, and vulcanization.

Pencil/Cap Erasers

Pencil/Cap Erasers

Synthetic Rubber

Sustainable?
The Future?

Rubberized asphalt roads

Disposal/Environmental Hazards

Hard to track

Waste=Shavings too small

(straight to)Landfills

Sucked in by the vacuum cleaner

covered up with rest of municipal waste

can end up in the soil if it is rained on

ends up leachate

treated as wastewater

released into nearby water pool

end in waterways below the soil

Recycling not feasable

No specifically targeted recycling company

Shavings filled with graphite soot

Natural Component

Materials
Petroleum

Benzene

Vegetable Oil
Plasticizer
Abrasive

Pumice

Cheaper SBR (=Styrene-butadiene)

Fillers

Made up of 2 Types of Plastic

Plastic

Elastomers (Plastic treated with Chemicals)

good stability to aging

Additives

good resistance

Meaning families of synthetic rubber

Natural Rubber(isoprene)

Latex

Rubber Trees

Power Component

Biggest Problem
Erasers are not politicized

Those in power don't have to set the discourse anymore

No specific targeted Recycling Company for Erasers
Luke's 3 Dimensions of Power
Ideological Power: Influences one's wishes and thoughts-> makes them think differently from what they are used to
Non-decision making power: Set discourse in the agenda and debates

Social Component

Manufacturing places (e.g. for Faber Castell)
China
Malaysia
India
Brazil
Social Hazards
3 Types of Producers cultivating Rubber

Smallholder Farms

Private Enterpreneurs

State-owned companies and farms

Food and water shortages
Violence
Impoverishment
Land Grabing
Technologies/Chemical Process used
Distillation
Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Environmental Hazards

Polluted Water Pools

Chemical Smell Polution

Hazardous Waste

Soil Erosion

Loss of Biodiversity

Deforestation

''the third largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitting industrial sector''

Vulcanization
Oil Refinary
Labor process
Monoculture Growing Techniques