ANTIBODY AND ANTIGEN

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ANTIBODY AND ANTIGEN

Antibodies: are proteins manufactured by the body that help fight against foreign substances called antigens. When an antigen enters the body, it simulates the immune system to produce antibodies Antigens are any substance that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. Antigens can be bacteria, viruses or fungi that cuase infection and desease, allergens that bring on an allergic reaction Monoclonal antibodies are identical antibodies produced by clones of a single cell. This antibodies are used in many medical diagnostic tests, such as pregnancy tests, and in the treatment of cancer and other diseases.

Topic principal

THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

Classes of antibodies

Subtopic

IMMUNIZATION

Process of making a person immune to a disease by inoculating them against it. Inoculation is the introduction of an antigen into the body, (usually for injection) to stimulate the production of antibodies. The medical practice of immunization called "vaccination". In 1885, a rabies vaccine developed by French scientist Louis Pasteur proved to be successful. Since that time, several vaccines have been developed for many diseases.

Monoclonal antibodies

When a foreign substance enters the body for the first time, the immune system makes antibodies to fight it and activates the immune memory, so the next time the same antigen enters the body the immune response will be immediate without ever feeling the symptoms of the disease or knowing that the person has been exposed to the pathogen.

Autoimmune Disease

Autoimmune diseases occur when the body's immune system loses the ability to recognize the difference between self and nonself, that is to say, the organism produces antibodies (called autoantibodies) againts our own tissues. This can provoke the destruction of body tissue and result in a number of chronic or debilitating diseases. Between the posibles factors that provoke the autoinmune diseases are the infections by viruses and bacterias, the exposure to certain chemicals and ultraviolet light and the genetic factors