JAVA PROGRAMMING

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JAVA PROGRAMMING

Language basics

Flow of control switch for, while, do-while break continué

Array types Variables dataType identifier[ = Expression]: Example variable declarations and initializations

Data types 8 primitive types: boolean, byte, short, ¡nt, long, float, double, char Class types, either provided by Java, or made by programmers String, Integer, Array, Frame, Object, Person, Animal, ...

features

Dynamic java ¡s designed to adaptto evolving environment librarles can freely add new methods and ¡nstance variables without any effect on their clients

Multithreaded múltiple concurrent threads of executions can run simultaneously utilizas a sophisticated set of synchronization primitivas (based on monitors and condition variables paradigm) to achieve this

Object oriented - Focus on the data (objects) and methods manipulating the data. -all funtions are associated with objects. -almost all data types are oblects (feles strings, etc) -potentially better code organizations and reuse Interpreted - Java compiler generate byte-codes, not native machine code -The compiled byte-codes are plattaform independent -Java byte codes are translated on the fly to machine readable instrucions runtime (java virtual machine).

Simple - Fixes some clumsy features of C++ no pointers -automatic garbe collection

Subtopic

Java Disadvantages

Slowerthan compiled language such as C an experiment ¡n 1999 showed that Java was 3 or4 times slower than C or C++ tille ofthe aiiicle: "Comnaríng Java vs. C/C++ Efficiencv Issues to Interpersonal íssues" (Lutz Prechelt) adequate for all bul the most time-intensive programs

WHAT IS JAVA?

Developed by Sun Microsystems (James Gosling). A general-purpose object-oriented language. Based on C/C++ Designed for easy Web/Internet aplications. Widespread acceptance.