LINGUISTICS: KEY TERMS

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LEXICAL AMBIGUITY

The presence of two or more possible meaning within a single word.

I saw her DUCK DUCK: Verb and noun.

CONTRADICTION

Sentence A and B cannot both be true

1- Elizabeth II is Queen of England. 2-Elizabeth II is a man.

PARAPHRASE

Two sentences with the exact same meaning.

*Angela is an accurate typist. *Angle types accurately.

STRUCTURAL AMBIGUITY

Multiple possible sentence structures.

1- John said that Bill will leave yesterday. 2- John said that Bill will leave tomorrow.

ENTAILMENT

Sentence A asserts that sentence B is true.

1- It was Tom who took your jacket. 2- It was not me who took your jacket.

HOMONYMS

Words spelled and pronounced alike but different in meaning.

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Example: UN- -READ- -ABLE

LINGUISTICS: KEY TERMS

LAYERS OF MEANING

Pragmatic is the study of how context affects menaing. It is the intention the speaker has when is saying something.

Is the linguistic meaning of use of language.

HOMOPHONES

Words that are pronounced the same but have different meanings.

LAYERS OF FORM

STRUCTURE

Is the set of rules, principles, and processes that rule the structure of sentences.

IMPLIES

Is the study of the order of the syntactic components of languages, and how languages employ different orders.

Study of internal construction of words and their elements.

MORPHEMES

Suffix

Stem

Prefix

SOUNDS

Studies the production, audition and perception of speech sound in the human language.

If two sounds are allophones of the same phoneme, they are said to be in complementary distribution.

Glue-Blue Rack-Rock

Minimal pairs are words with different meanings that have the same sounds except for one.

Studies the physical charasteristic of the sounds of human speech.

DIMENSIONS

1. Nasal. 2. Stop. 3. Fricative. 4. Affricative. 5. Approximant. 6. Lateral.

1. Voiceless speech sound. 2. Voiced speech sounds.

1. Dental. 2. Labiodental. 3. Bilabial. 4. Alveolar. 5. Post-alveolar. 6. Palatal. 7. Velar. 8. Glottal.