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Carte Heuristique des causes principales de mécontentement

Tenses demonstrate the time of actions centered around the subject of the sentence. These actions are called verbs and change according to tenses.

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There are four Past tenses:

• Past Simple
• Past Continuous
• Past Perfect Simple
• Past Perfect Continuous

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Past Perfect Simple is used for:

• an action that began in the past and is still going on at the moment of speaking
• an action that continued before and after another action
• a change of mind
• an action happening repeatedly in the past

The Past Perfect tense is not normally used alone. It is used to denote the earlier of two past actions. We use Past Simple for the latter action.

Some adverbs used with Past Perfect Simple:

• already, before, ever, never
• once, twice, yet
• just, up to then
• for, since

Structure:

Had + Subject + Past Participle?

e.g. Had they met Sarah before the party?

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Structure:

Subject + hadn’t (had not) + Past Participle

e.g. They hadn’t met Julia before the party.

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Structure:

Subject + had + Past Participle

e.g. They had already met Julia before the party.

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There are four Present tenses:

• Present Simple
• Present Continuous
• Present Perfect
• Present Perfect Continuous

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Present Perfect is used for:

• an action that occurred at a time which is indefinite and has its effect on the subject
• an action that occurred many times and has the possibility to occur in the present/future
• an action that began in the past and is still going on in the present

Some adverbs used with Present Perfect:

• just
• already
• yet
• for
• never/ever
• up to now

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Structure:

Subject + have/ has + Past Participle (3rd Form of the Verb)

e.g. She has finished the letter.

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Present Continuous is used to indicate the ongoing time (now).

Some adverbs used with Present Continuous:

• now, right now
• at this moment
• at the moment
• continually
• perpetually
• this year
• this season
• forever

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Structure:

Subject + BE (am/is/are) + Verb-ING

e.g. You are eating now.

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Present Simple is used for:

• habits
• general truths
• repeated actions of events
• fixed arrangements/timetables
• feelings/opinions/beliefs
• instructions.

Some adverbs used with Present Simple:

• always
• usually
• seldom
• never
• sometimes
• often
• frequently, generally
• habitually, occasionally
• once, twice

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Interrogative form:
Do + Subject (I, You, We, They)+ V1 (First Form of Verb)

Does + Subject (He, She, It)+V1 (First Form of Verb)

Example:
Do I write?
Do you write?
Does he/she/it write?
Do we write?
Do you write?
Do they write?

Type in your own example of a Present Tense verb, interrogative form.

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Structure:

Do + Subject (I, You, We, They)+ V1 (First Form of Verb)?

Does + Subject (He, She, It)+V1 (First Form of Verb)?

e.g. Where does he work?

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Structure:

Subject (I, You, We, They) + do not / don’t + V1 (First Form of Verb)

Subject (He, She, It) + does not / doesn’t + V1 (First Form of Verb)

e.g. He doesn’t work in a bank.

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Structure:

Subject (I, You, We, They) + V1(First Form of Verb)

e.g. I usually go jogging at weekends.

Subject (He, She, It)+ V1(First Form of Verb) + s/es

e.g. She writes every day.