Diversity of Life

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Prokaryotic

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. 

Bacteria

A lack of membrane-bound organelles.Unicellularity and thus division by binary-fission.Generally small size.

Eubacteria

Characteristics: Real Bacteria, unicellular prokaryotes, lack nucleus

Major Morphologies

Spirillum

Mice-Rats

Found in the blood of apparently healthy mice and rats.

Bacillus

widely found in soil and water

Bacillus Anthracis

Coccus

Staphylococcus Aureus

Archae

Characteristics: Unicellular (single celled), cells are plasmid (cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes), and asexual.

Archaebacteria

Have cell walls, contain fatty acids, and have systems of metabolism (chemical reactions the living state of the cells and the organism). 

Proteoarcheaeota

Eukaryotes

Characteristics: All animals, plants, fungi and protists. Cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Animals

chordates

has internal skeletal rod, a complete digestive system, a ventral heart, a closed blood system and a tail; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. sharks, fishes, lizards frogs,humans

arthopoda

has jointed appendages (body extensions that give them a wide range of controlled motion); most successful because they are the most diverse, living in a great range of habitats; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. lobsters, centipedes, butterflies, spiders

Echindoermata

means spiky skin; dwells at the bottom of the ocean floor; body symmetry: radial eg. starfishes, sea lilies, sea urchins

Annelida

have long bodies that have segments divided externally by shallow rings; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. earthworms

Nementoda

aka the roundworms; very long and narrow; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. ascaris

Phatyhelminthes

aka flat worms; lacks a coelom and other body cavities; can be found in marine or fresh water; body symmetry: bilateral; eg. tapeworms

Mollusca

one of the largest phyla composed of many diverse organisms; all have a soft body; body structure composed of three parts; body symmetry: bilaterarl eg. octopus, snails, oysters

Cnidaria

contains cnidocyte or venomous cells that helps collect and transmit sensory information; body symmetry: radial eg. jellyfishes

Porifea

aka sponges; means animal that contains holes; are sessile feeders (stuck to the ground, eating what comes near them); body symmetry: asymetric eg. yellow tube sponge

Vertabrates

animals with backbones or spinal columns

aves

Amphibia

osteichthyes

chondrionthyes

agnatha (jawless)

Mammals

Placentals

Babies that are nourished by a placenta before being born. A placenta is an organ that allows a fetus to obtain nutrients from the mother's blood while the fetus develops inside the uterus. Humans are placental mammals.

Monotrems

lays eggs, platypus

Morsupials

babies that are not fully formed, and most marsupial mothers carry their young in pouches until they are more developed. Kangaroos are marsupials.

Chordates

Urchordata

tunicates (sea squirts)

Cephalochardata

amphioxus (or lanceles)

Vertabrata

backbone, fish birds reptiles

Arthopods

hard exoskeleton

Sub Phyla

Crustacea

crabs

Uniramia

butterflies

Checicerates

spiders

FUngi

Characteristics: Chemoheterotophic (cant make their own food), Reproduce thru spores, both sexual and asexual, usally not capable of motions, have cells walls composed of chitin.

Major Phyla

Basiciomycota

spores borne externally on a club-shaped structure called a basidium

Mushrooms

Ascomycota

spores borne internally in a sac called an ascus

Sac Fungi

Zygomycota

Sexual spores are thick walled resting spores called zygospores

Bread Molds

Chytridiomycota

sexual and asexual spores motile, with posterior flagella (hair like propellers)

Frogs

Plants

Angiosperm

a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel

Gymnosperms

seed-producing plants 

Vascular

plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem include all seed-bearing plants

Seedless

Photosynthesis occurs in the stems of whisk ferns, which lack roots and leaves.

Bryophytes

Bryophyte is a traditional name used to refer to all embryophytes that are non-vascular plants, namely the mosses, hornworts, and liverworts.

Protists

Characteristics: All are aquatic, mostly Unicellular (algae are multi), heterotophic (can not make its own food) or autotrophic (can make its own food) and has a nucleus.

Fungus-Like Protists

Saprophytic heterotrophic (digesting food externally and then absorbing it)

Slime-Molds

Water-Molds

Animal-Like Protists

Sporozoans

Do not move

Sarcodines

Movement: Pseudopods (false feet).

Ciliates

Movement: Tiny like hair that beat like a boat propelling through water

Zooflagellates

Movement: MOve by beating a long whip like flagella (hair like propellers)

Plant-Like Protists

Characteristics: Can move to find/ get food, Heterotrophic (can not make their own food)

Red Algae

Green ALgae

Brown Algae