Epistemology Knowledge and Truth

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Epistemology Knowledge and Truth

Knowledge-wh

What Questions what questions are typically open ended Example: What are you doing tonight?

Why Questions Answered with an explanation Example: why do dogs bark?

Who Question Answered with a person Example: who ate the cookie?

Whether question 2 varieties: yes/no, presents answers Example: Did you pick answer a, b, or c - 1) yes 2) I picked b This proposes that they answered the question, so a corrective answer would say: I did not answer the question.

knowledge by acquaintance

You become acquainted with something when you meet it first hand Example: That lamp is bright I know the lamp is bright because I am acquainted with it.

things you know by being acquainted with. You know your family, pets, teachers, ect. You know these things by being acquainted with them

knowledge-how

I know I need to stop doing these things, but I don't know how.

I can explain the way to ride a bike, but do I know how to ride a bike?

Knowledge-that

I know that: OCD I need to stop excessively washing my hands I need to stop turning the lights on and off 8 times I need to stop petting my dog exactly 6 times

I know that: -moving the pedals forwards moves the bike -turning the handle bars will steer the bike -squeezing the lever on the handle will cause the bike to brake

Coherence

If you clap you are testing: Your beliefs that you can move your arms Your beliefs that it will make a noise Your beliefs that you can hear it

If you drop a ball you are testing: Your beliefs in gravity Your beliefs in the accuracy of your visual perception ECT.

A belief is true if it part of a coherent system of beliefs.

Pragmatism

May incorporate human factors Something is true in the context of a certain culture but not another.

If humans perceive the ocean as beautiful, then the ocean is beautiful. Even if beauty is meaningless outside of the human experience

correspondance

X is true if it corresponds with a fact. It is true if it corresponds to the way things actually are.

"Ramey sings" is true, if you can hear and see Ramey singing. I Know that Ramey is singing because it is a fact. I am acquainted with Ramey and his singing

"A cat is on a mat" is true only if somewhere in the world there is a cat and a mat. The cat is related to the mat, by being on it. This is true because it is a fact, and I know that it is true.

“To say of what is that it is not, or of what is not that it is, is false, while to say of what is that it is, and of what is not that it is not, is true” - Aristotle