Presocratics
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Heraclito
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Heraclito thought that fire was the best simbol of
perpetous change and the fight of opposites
Because fire is only kept consuming and destroying
Perpetous movement
No man ever steps in the same river twice,
for it's not the same river and he's not the same man
The engine of perpetous movement was the opposition
of opposites
That kept the stability of cosmos
He was against democracy
Was born in Efeso
540 B.C.-470 B.C.
Pitagoras
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Pythagoreanism
Became a religious sect
Goverment eliminated the sect by
killing all their members
They pretended to expand and they
had influence in the politics
The stucture of the universe
was arithmetic and geometry
Geocentric theory
Earth was the centre of the universe
Explain the universe with maths
Strict life
Arche= numbers
Numbers are reflected in geometric figures that forms bodies
They are entities and have their own existence
Was captured in Egypt
Born in Samos
569 B.C.-475 B.C.
Anaxímenes
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Earth was flat
Arche= Air
Air's rarefaction forms fire
Ground's condensation form rocks
Water's condensation form ground
Cloud's condesation form water
Air's condensation forms clouds
We need air to live
Participated in Mileto's school
585 B.C.-528 B.C.
HIS BOOK
METAPHYSIC
METEOROLOGY
Hail was formed when wind solidificates
Thunders and lightings were formed by the wind that cut
the clouds
Earthquakes ocurred because of droughts or because of
lots of rain
Clouds were formed by evaporated water
COSMOLOGY
He thought that Earth had a drum form
He thought that humans come from fish
Arche: Apeiron
He thought that cosmos and the universe were
born and died in apeiron
Unlimited
Indefinied
He studied in Mileto's school
He was disciple of Tales
610 B.C- 546 B.C.
Tales de Mileto
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Found Mileto's school
Two of his discipules were
Anaximeres
Anaximandro
Arche: water
He thought that the Earth was floating on the water
Philosopher, mathematic, astronomy, geometry, pfisic and lesgislatos
He thought that all the things had life
He made Tale's theorem
He predicted an eclipse
Thanks to him, occidental philosophy was born
Born in Mileto
624 B.C- 546 B.C.
Who are they?
They are the philosophers that existed since Tales
to the last philosophers that were not influenced by
Socrates
Democrito and Leucipo
Leucipo
Born in Mileto/Abdera
He lived in V Century
Democrito
Born in Abdera
460 B.C.- 370.C.
Anaxagoras
Mixture and disgregation
Disgregation is death
Mixture is birth
Nous
It penetrate animated things
Whirlwinds that order homeomers
Homeomers
Arche
Invisibles
Tiny particles
Born in Clazomenas
500 B.C. - 428 B.C.
Empedocles
Soul is a divine spiritu that is imprisoned in bodies for punishment of discord
Inexistence of the non-being and immunity of the being
First pluralist
Arche was the sphairos
Love joins and discord separates
Sphairos is made of
Ground
Water
Air
Fire
The arches join in a espharios, so it can be also considered as monism
Was born in Agrigento
495 B.C. - 435 B.C.
Zenón and Meliseo
Meliseo
Still
Homogenous
Is a unit
Without beginning or end
Infinite
Stateman and naval commander
Was born in Samos
470 B.C.- 430 B.C.
Zenon
Parmenides' disciple
Achilles and the turtle's
paradox
Subtopic
Movement is only an ilusion
Monistic
Cosmos is an only unit
He was born in Elea
490 B.C.- 420 B.C.
Parmenides
On Nature
Way of senses
Way of truth
Proem
Senses
True can only be reached by racional thougth
Senses only lead us to doxa
The being
whatever is is, and what is not cannot be
Stilll
It can not change as that would implique that it would pass from being to the not being
It can not move, as there isn't anything outside the being were it can move
Unique
As it can not be separated by something, as all the things are,
and separation includes that you are separated by something different to the being
Eternal
It can not be destroyed
Because it can not turn into the not being
It can not be genertaed
As it can not come from the not being
He was philosoopher, legislator and a doctor
Was born in Elea
540 B.C.- 470 B.C
