Software engineering

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Software Processes

Process improvement

The process improvement cycle

analyze

change

Measure

Coping with change

Software prototyping

Benefits of prototyping

Reduced development effort.

Improved maintainability

Improved design quality

A closer match to users’ real needs

Improved system usability

Coping with changing requirements

Reducing the costs of rework

Process activities

Software validation

Stages of testing

Customer testing

System testing

Component testing

Software design and implementation

System implementation

Design activities

Software specification

Requirements engineering process

Requirements validation

Requirements specification

Requirements elicitation and analysis

Many different software processes

Evolution

Validation

Design and implementation

Specification

Incremental development

Throw-away prototyping

Exploratory development

Types of reusable software

Integration and configuration

Product specification

Software products

Customized products

Generic products

Software process models

The waterfall model

integration and system testing

operation and maintenance

implementation and unit testing

system and system design

requirement definition

Spiral Model

When to use Spiral Model

Significant changes are expected

Requirements are complex.

Users are unsure of their needs.

For medium to high-risk projects.

When costs and risk evaluation is important.

Phases in spiral model

Customer evaluation

Engineering

Plan

Risk Analysis

Applications

Disadvantages

Risk assessment expertise is required.

Spiral may go indefinitely.

Process is complex

Not suitable for small or low risk projects and could be expensive for small projects

End of project may not be known early.

Advantages

Early and frequent feedback from users.

Users see the system early

Requirements can be captured more accurately.

Allows for extensive use of prototypes

Changing requirements can be accommodated