Categorias: Todos - suffixes - prefixes - acids - hydrocarbons

por Andrew Swenson 17 anos atrás

260

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The process of naming chemical compounds involves understanding various rules and conventions for different types of substances. Hydrocarbons, which are the simplest compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen, have specific naming conventions based on the number of carbon atoms and the type of bonds between them.

31137 1-1/-\X0|2

naming compounds

Hydrocarbons

for circular looking ones add cyclo-
Suffixes
yne= 2x # C atoms -2
ene= 2x # C atoms
ane= 2x # C atoms +2
dec
non
oct
hept
hex
pent
but
prop
Eth
Meth
simplest compounds
Only have carbon and hydrogen

number of atoms of each determines the name of the compound

Molecular

Identify elements
Attach prefixes according to sub scripted number

add -ide to end of anion

Prefixes
deca
nona
octa
hepta
hecta
penta
tetra
tri
di
mono

Acids

Ternary
H+Polyatomic Ion

acid goes at the end

suffix- ate-ic/ite-ous

prefix- none

Binary
H+non-metal

the word acid always goes at the end

suffix- ic

Prefix- hydro

ionic compounds

Complex
identify polyatomic ion and nonmetal

Uncriss cross

binary
Identify metal and non-metal in formula

CaCl

Uncriss-cross

check oxidation number, correct if necessary