Curriculum Planning Approaches

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Curriculum Planning Approaches

Progressivist

Crtiticisms

- Difficult to integrate form and function in syllabus.

- Potential cultural clashes and lack of clear methodology-syllabus link.

- Difficulty in assessing progress and predicting language use.

- Process-oriented assessment; focus on self-evaluation.

- Task-based approach with learner selection of tasks.

- Error acceptance and problem-solving activities.

- Experiential learning and personal growth.

- Learner development and ability to learn.

- Focus on individual development and learner responsibility.

- Methodology is learner-centered.

- Tasks and activities reflect learners' interests.

Classical Humanist

- Can be seen as elitist and rigid.

- Limited scope of language and contrived interaction.

- Norm-referenced assessment.

- Transmissive methodology; teacher-centered.

- Content selection based on analysis of subject matter.

- Content-centric with subject matter at the core.

- Knowledge transmission from teacher to students.

- Emphasis on transmission of generalizable intellectual knowledge.

- Subject-centered syllabuses.

- Elitist groups guard culture and knowledge.

Reconstructionist

Criticisms

- Criticized for demanding too much from learners.

- Insufficient accommodation of individual learner differences.

- Challenge in determining the level of sophistication required.

Assessments

- Criterion-referenced assessment.

Methods

- Mastery of part-skills and criterion-referenced assessment.

- Process-oriented syllabuses.

Focus

- Behavioral objectives and skill mastery.

- Predetermined streaming of students.

Characteristics

- Driven by social reform and societal needs.

- Emphasis on practical and social goals.

- Goals and ends-means approaches based on behavioral objectives.