Categorias: Todos - enlightenment - meditation - buddhism

por Alana Graham 8 anos atrás

307

Eastern Approaches to a Unified Reality

The philosophies of Taoism and Buddhism offer unique perspectives on understanding reality and achieving spiritual enlightenment. Taoism emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao, the fundamental principle that is the source of everything and inherently unnameable.

Eastern Approaches to a Unified Reality

Eastern Approaches to a Unified Reality

Sources

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/taoism/
Ms. Howlett's Content of U1A5
http://www.religionfacts.com/

Taoism

Ch'i or Qi

Cosmic Vital Energy

Yin Yang

Complimentary Forces

Wu Wei

Letting the World Take its Natural Course

"When Nothing is Done, Nothing is Left Undone" - Tao Te Ching

Tzu Jan

"That Which is Naturally So"

Te

Awareness of Tao

Virtue

Wu and Yu

Non-Being and Being

The One

Essence of Tao

Tao

-Source of Creation -The Ultimate -Inexpressible and Indefinable -Unnameable -Natural Universe as a Whole -Way of Nature as a Whole

Communist Takeover of China

Religion Banned

142 C.E.

Revelation of the Tao to Zhang Daoling

Popular in Taiwan

Confucianism

Influence
Vietnam
Korea
Japan
Beliefs
Heaven (T'ien)
Optimistic View of Human Nature

"Humans are Teachable, Improvable, and Perfectible Through Personal and Communal Endeavour"

Ren (Humaneness or Benevolence) and De (Virtue)

Xiao (Filial Piety)

Shu (Reciprocity)

Zhong (Loyalty to One's True Nature)

Li (Ritual Norms)

Enlightenment

Revitalization of Nobility and Virtue

Importance of Elders and Ancestors

China

6th-5th Centuries BCE

Supreme Sage K'ung-fu-tsu (Confucius)

Buddhism

Types of Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhism

Major Forms

Zen, Nichiren, Tendai, and Pure Land

Ways of Worship

Ritual, Devotion, Meditation

Deities, Celestial Beings, Other Traditional Religious Elements

China and Japan

Theravada Buddhism

Focuses on Monastic Life and Meditation

Atheistic, Philosophical in Nature

Southeast Asia

Dominant World Religion in the East
Began in India 2,500 Years Ago
Buddha
Enlightenment and Nirvana

Worship

Rituals

Karmic Acts

Meditation

Reality

Inter-Related

Ever-Changing

Four Noble Truths
Marga

Path to End Suffering

Noble Eightfold Path

Right --> View, Thought, Speech, Conduct, Vocation, Effort, Attention and Meditation

Nirodha

Nirvana

End of Suffering

"One Must Cease All Desires"

Samudaya

Suffering has a cause

Attachment or Misplaced Desire Rooted in Ignorance.

Dukkha

Suffering is Everywhere and a Part of Life

Background
Story

"Sheltered Young Prince Shocked by Suffering he Saw Outside, Left his Life of Luxury to Seek Answers"

Became Buddha ("Enlightened One")

"Taught Dharma (the Path to Liberation from Suffering) and Establishing the Sangha (a Community of Monks)"

Indian Prince Siddharta Gautama, 500 BCE

Hinduism

Fundamental Beliefs
Karma
Reincarnation
Brahmans

Priests

Vedas

Texts

Goal of the Individual
Self-Realization

Seeking Awareness, Understanding and Connection with Ultimate Reality.

Multiple Paths

Brahman

Divine Self

Following Gods

Monist/Dualist

Realize Truth
Ultimate Reality
"Brahman"
Scope
Third Largest Religion

80% of India's Population

World's Oldest Religion

Dates Back to 10,000 BCE