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Electromagnetic Waves

Types of waves

Gamma Ray

Gamma Rays are even more harmful to living cells and tissue than X-rays. This is because Gamma Rays carry enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

Able to destroy brain tumours

Sterilising medical equipments

To kill cancer cells

Emitted by radioactive nuclei

X-Ray

Living cells and tissue can be damaged by X-rays. This is because X-rays carries enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them. Over exposure to X-rays increase the risk of developmental problems and cancer. The risk of radiation is greater to a fetus, so pregnant patients are advised to avoid exposure to X-rays.

Checking flaws in metals

Airport baggage scanner

Analysing the structure of a crystal

Used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and dentistry

Emitted by high energy electrons

Ultraviolet

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays increases your risk of developing skin cancer.

used to detect forgery in bank notes, artificial suntanning sterilising and disinfecting equipment

Visible

emitted by sun

used for optical fibres in telecommunication, lasers for medical and industrial uses and photosynthesis

Infrared

Commonly used for heat detectors, Infrared rays are used in Thermal cameras and Intruder Alarms. Other usages are Remote Controls.

All objects emit and absorb infrared radiation, thus becoming hotter.

430THz-300GHz

Mircowaves

Used in Communication, GPS and Microwave ovens

Emitted by warm objects

300MHz-300GHz

Radio Waves

A strong enough beam of radio waves can penetrate the eye and heat the lens enough to cause cataracts.

Used to transmit information E.g. radio,radar and RC vehicles

Emitted by lightning and astronomical objects Generated by radio transmitters.

30Hz-300GHz

Similar Propeties

Do not carry electric charge

Travel in transverse waves

Obey the laws of Refraction and Reflection

They can travel through a vacuum

Travel at a constant speed of 3 x 10^8 ms-1 in vacuums

They transfer energy