por Jordan Aultman04 6 anos atrás
2030
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There is a Census which is conducted every five years, and the website also features approximately 350 active surveys that Canadian's can observe
If one were to want to search for information on this websites there are two stages they should consider, the first being a broad search for trends within data that the searcher deems relevant and interesting, and the second being searching further for more statistical data to further analyze.
The first step in searching for information can be completed by looking at the news section on the website, which can be accessed by selecting The Daily and browsing the recent and relevant articles there.
3. Select a narrowed down topic within the subject
4. Select the chart of data within that topic that interests you
5. Select Add/Remove Data and refine the chart to what you are looking for
6. Select Manipulate and chose what your chart of data will contain
7. Choose Download, select CSV for file format, then download the data and save it
In Excel you can manipulate the data to your liking and use it to create graphs
Open-Ended Questions: These questions are meant to receive an answer that is free form and thoughtful answers. These usually start with “how” or “what”.
Closed-Ended Questions: These are questions that have a set number of responses, whether that be a yes or no, or answers organized in a multiple choice form or a checklist. This type of question is ideal for surveys.
Confounding Variable: This is an outside influence that is not accounted for in a cause and effect relationship. This means that it changes the effect and outcome between a dependent variable and an independent variable, and can render a study useless as a cofounding variable will cause correlations to be drawn between the independent and dependent variable where no correlation is actually occurring.
Rating Scale Multiple Choice Question: This question asks for a rating on a certain aspect of the service or product, and the respondent can answer with a fixed value (usually numbers, or stars).
Likert Scale Multiple Choice Question: This question involves either a question or statement, with the possible answers being presented in a scale with varying levels of agreement as the options to pick.
Checklist Multiple Choice Questions: This presents the respondent with a list of items as an answer to a question, the respondent then picks one or more of the items from the list, the number chosen depends on the question that is asked.
Rank Order Multiple Choice Questions: These questions have multiple items that the respondent can rank, usually placing high numbers on the options they have more of a preference for, and low numbers on options they do not like as much.
Household Bias: This type of bias occurs when the different groups from the sampling frame do not receive equal representation. This can occur when someone conducting a survey doesn’t acknowledge the fact that the strata within the population have different numbers, and he samples the same number of people from each stratum. This means that the composition of the sample will not match up with the composition of the population, which will skew the results of the study.
Response Bias: This bias occurs when aspects of the survey (leading questions, the wording of questions, confusing questions or format, ect..) cause the respondent to respond dishonestly when completing the survey. The respondent may be unaware of how their answers are being swayed, yet this still is a big contributor to bias and unreliable answers in survey questions.
Habituation: This happens when questions begin to get repetitive, which will influence respondents to respond similarly for each of these questions as a cognitive response.
Stratified Random Sampling: For this type of sampling, the population is divided into groups of a common characteristic, these groups are called strata. When these strata are found, a simple random sample is applied within them to achieve the sample. This method of sampling is helpful in large populations that have distinguishable groups that exist within it.
Cluster Random Sampling: Much like stratified random sampling, this kind of sampling will divide the population into groups. Once the groups, or clusters, are found, a random sample of the clusters as a whole is selected. These clusters will make up the sample, and the study is conducted on all members of the cluster.
Voluntary-Response Sampling: This type of sampling involves volunteers choosing to answer a survey or questionnaire. This sample of the population has not been chosen by the administrator of the survey, it has now been chosen by the individuals that choose to answer the survey. Because of this, bias occurs as the people who will choose to answer usually have a strong opinion on the topic.
Convenience Sampling: This type of sampling is used when an administrator of a survey will pick their sample by who is close and easy to access. This is a non-probability type of sampling and is not representative of the entire population, as the administrator focuses more on individuals that are easy for them to survey.
Quota Sampling: This is a type of stratified sampling that incorporates strata within the population, then will take the sample to meet a certain quota. These quotas will ensure that the sample taken is exactly proportionate and representative of the overall population, the percentages of different groups in the population will be the same as the percentages of these same groups of the sample that is selected
Discrete Variables: This is a numerical variable that does not have an infinite amount of possible values. If a set of items can be counted, then it is referred to as a discrete variable.
Continuous Variables: If a variable can have any possible value, meaning there is an infinite number of values, then it is a continuous variable. A continuous variable is found by measuring, and can take any value that is between two numbers.
Nominal Measurement: Labelling variables that do not have and quantitative value to them. Because of that, any nominal scales can also simply be referred to as labels. These labels are mutually exclusive, which means that they do not have any overlap.
Ordinal Measurement: The order of the values is important, but the differences between each variable is not known. Typically, a measure of concepts that are non-numerical, such as feelings and similar concepts.
Interval Measurement: In this numeric measurement, we know both the order and the difference between the values. A common example is temperature, in which the difference between 60 degrees and 50 degrees can be seen as 10 degrees, and the two measurements of temperature can be ordered.
http://www.statisticshowto.com/discrete-variable/
http://www.mymarketresearchmethods.com/types-of-data-nominal-ordinal-interval-ratio/
Sample: A smaller, more manageable section of a population, the size of which is found using a statistical measurement.
Frequency: The number of times a value of data will occur.
Frequency Tables: A table that shows how many times each value in data occurs.
Class Interval: Ranges of a numerical width that data on frequency can be sorted into.
Casual Relationship: One variable having a direct influence on the other in a set of data.
Statistics: The branch of science/mathematics that is concerned with conducting studies, then collecting and organizing the data to summarize and analyze it, and draw conclusions.
