Categorizing LLS (copy)

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Categorizing LLS

Oxford (1990)

Compensation strategies

Overcome deficiencies and gap

Memory strategies

Entering new info and retrieving

Linking info, analyzing and classifying

Affective strategies

Handling emotions or attitudes

Cooperating with others

Organizing, focusing and evaluating

Rubin (1987)

Social strategies

getting learners to practice their knowledge

Communication strategies

participating in a conversation and getting the meaning

O' Malley (1985)

Socio-affective strategies

involving one and others for example cooperating with peers and seeking clarification

Metacognitive strategies

related to the learning process for example organizing, planning and monitoring

Cognitive strategies

applying a specific technique to a particular task for example repeating, reasoning and analyzing