Категории: Все - manager - authority - decisions - communication

по selva junis 3 лет назад

198

authority

Organizations often operate with a mix of formal and informal structures that shape relationships and communication patterns among employees. Informal structures influence how tasks are accomplished through unofficial channels, while formal structures define specific, sanctioned relationships and procedures.

authority

AUTHORITY

LEVELS

FULL
our boss may be coming to you for advice because you have deep knowledge in that area and he/she trust your judgement.
FEPORT
each person in the group has the authority to select a course of action and carry it out. They routine report of action to the leader.
RECOMMEND
members generate alternative actions, analyze them and recommend action – group leader make decision
INFORMER
members can inform their group leader of possible alternatives. The group leader then analyzes the alternatives and make the decision.

LINE & STAFF

LINE
responsibility to make decision and issue order down the chain of command
STAFF
responsibility to advice and assist personnel

CENTRALIZED & DECENTRALIZED

DECENTRALIZED
degree to which lower-level employees provides inpot or actually make decisions
middleand first manager make important decisions.
CENTRALIZED
top manager make important desicion, lower level employees simply carry out those order.

FORMAL & INFORMAL

INFORMAL
pattern of relationship and communication among employees and the unofficial way of getting the job done
FORMAL
specific relationship among employees and sanctioned way of getting the job