CR 5 Claims

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CR

What is research writing

Essential Building Blocks =

Share answer in a believable, understandable and usable way

Create a one sentence answer to your research question

Do real research

Drafting, Revising, and Presenting Arguments

Oral Arguments

Presentation Aids

Multimedia

Video

Audio

Charts, Graphs, Handouts

Support

Same for oral and written

Language

Consider using stylistic devices such as repetition, balance, and parallel structure to strengthen message

Short, direct sentences

Use language with details and examples

Consider the familiarity of your audience with your topic and consider defining terms

Make sure not to use language that might offend your audience

Keep in mind what words the audience will be familiar with

Organization

End

Should be brief

Middle

Devoted to the development of the claim

Beginning

Get the attention of the audience

Use an illustration

Tell a funny anecdote

Use a quotation

Make an attention grabbing statement of fact or opinion

Asking a rhetorical question

Using a personal reference

Referring to the subject or occasion

Credibility

Admission of modestly

Establish credentials

The Audience

Revising

Should reach a clear conclusion that supports the thesis

Make sure the style and tone are appropriate for the audience and topic

To check style compare other authors work to your own and read paper out loud

Read through what you have written to make sure it is complete and well organized

Writing

Concluding the Paper

Use quotation

Bring ideas together into one

Broader applications

Call to action

Answer question "so what"

Building an Effective Argument

Tone

Style

Beginning the Paper

Organizing the Material

Ordering Material for Emphasis

Write more about material you want to be emphasized

Beginning or end, end has most emphasis

Make an explicit statement

Presenting the Stock Issues

Explanation of Advantages

Proposal of solution (Plan)

Establishment of Problem (Need)

Finding the Middle Ground

Proposal of Middle Ground

Presentation of Various Viewpoints

Refuting an Opposing View

Refutation of Opposing View

Summary of Opposing View

Defending the Main Idea

Conclusion

Evidence

Main Idea

Introduction

Reviewing your research

Consider the context of your argument and how it will be received by readers

Question your own arguments to find weak spots

Support Claims

Explain clearly and specifically for a policy claim

To support value claims find support for the fundamental principles of the claim

Produce strongest possible evidence to support factual claims

Include only relevant issues

Qualities of a good research question

Hasn't been answered yet, hasn't been answered completely, or hasn't been answered in the context that you will be answering it in

Can be answered using information that exists and can be collected

Can be answered subjectively

Claim: A conclusion you reach when you are trying to decide what to say about a subject, becomes a thesis once you start to write about it

Claim of Policy: States that a specific course of action should be implemented

Then offer a plan to implement the solution to the proven problem

Begin with convincing a reader that the problem exists

Need both claims of fact and claims of value to establish this sometimes

Claim of Value: Based on moral or aesthetic principles, deems somethings good/desirable or bad/undesirable

Morality

Controversiality

Majority preference does not equal moral value

Aesthetics

Standards

Rogerian argument structure helpful when discussing standards

Claims of Fact: States that something has existed, exists now, or will exist based on factual evidence

Claims of Fact need to be proven because...

New Data

Predictions

Casual Relationships

Different Interpretations