LECTURE 3: Knowledge Management (KM) Models

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LECTURE 3: Knowledge Management (KM) Models

Wiig (1993),

Knowledge can be organised by

Perspective and Purpose

Congruency

Connectedness

Completeness

Knowledge can be “public”, “shared”, and “personal”.

Choo (1998),

Knowledge-Creating

transformation of personal knowledge between individuals through dialogue, discourse, sharing, and storytelling.

Decision-making

rational decision-making models that are used to identify and evaluate alternatives by processing the information and knowledge collected to date.

Sense making

Sense making Involve 3 phases – ecological change, enactment, selection and retention

representation of reality by comparing current with past events

Focus on how individuals must make sense, or develop understanding, of the knowledge that is available in the organization.

von Krogh and Roos (1995),

distinguish between individual knowledge and social knowledge

Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995),

Internalization (explicit-to-tacit)

diffusing and embedding newly acquired behaviour and newly understood or revised mental models

Combination (explicit-to-explicit)

recombining discrete pieces of explicit knowledge into a new form

Externalization (tacit-to-explicit)

able to articulate the knowledge and know-how, the know-why and etc., i.e. a journalist interviewing an expert

Socialization (tacit-to-tacit)

sharing knowledge in face-to-face, natural, and typical social interactions

Focuses on knowledge spirals that explain the transformation of knowledge to create knowledge

Boisot (1998), Beer (1984),

3 dimensional cube

Diffused-Undiffused

Abstract-Concrete

Codified-Uncodified

key concept of an “information good” that differs from a physical asset.

Data, Information and Knowledge

Data A set of discrete, objective facts about events. Information A message, usually in the form of a document or an audible or visible communication. Knowledge Functional definition - The process of translating information and past experience into a meaningful set of relationships which can be applied by an individual.