Malaria

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Musculoskeletal system

Skeletal muscles

Enters another mosquito when she bites a human with malaria

When another mosquito sucks the blood of an infected human, she ingests both male and female gametocytes, which sexually reproduce inside of the stomach.

Asexually reproduces in liver cells

Bursts out of liver cells and infects red blood cells

Asexually reproduce inside of red blood cells, while some parasites differentiate genders

The parasite uses the red blood cells to replicate itself, while some of the parasites develop into gametocytes, which can be either male or female.

Once they are done developing into merozoites inside the liver, they burst out of the liver cells and use the cell membrane to avoid detection from the immune system. Once they enter the bloodstream, they start infecting red blood cells.

Using the liver cells resources, the sporozoites asexually reproduce and create thousands of copies of itself.

Plasmodium sporozoites take shelter in liver cells, to avoid being recognized by the immune system.

Infects liver cells

Infected mosquito bites a human

When an infected mosquito drinks human blood for a blood meal, Plasmodium parasites in the saliva of a mosquito enter the human bloodstream.

Life Cycle of Plasmodium

Integumentary System

Skin

Respiratory System

Lungs

Immune System

Nervous System

Brain

Damage to the brain affects multiple systems at once

Malaria

Treatment

Vaccine

Currently, there is no good vaccine that can provide full protection but, there is a vaccine that offers partial protection against some types of plasmodium.

Drugs

Patients are given drugs such as quinine, to kill the parasite. However, this doesn't always work because the parasite has grown resistant to it over time.

Diagnosis

Blood sample

The blood of a patient can be examined under a microscope to determine if they have malaria or not. The parasite has a distinct shape which can be seen under a microscope.

Symptoms

Yellow Skin/eyes

Fatigue

Shortness of breath

Nausea

Muscle Pain

Headache

Vomiting

Fever

Causes

Mosquito bite

Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitos. It enters the bloodstream when the mosquito sucks the blood of a human.

Circulatory System

Heart

Blood

Red blood cells

Digestive System

Stomach

Liver