MALIGN AND BENIGN PATHOLOGIES IN BREAST

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MALIGN AND BENIGN PATHOLOGIES IN BREAST

SELF-EXAMINATION

Palpation, inspection

Questioning and physical examination

MASTOPATY

-In reproductive stage

-Is associated with pregnancy, lctation, trauma and thrombophlebitis

BENIGN ALTERATIONS

FIBROCYSTIC ALTERATIONS

-Premenopause

-More common

- Pain

-Edema

PLOTIFERATIVE ALTERATIONS

*Athypical dictated epithelium

*Seropurulent exudate

*Adenosis

*Hyperplasia

Phylloid tumor

Slow-growing epithelial neoplasia

- Any age

- Total surgical diagnosys

DUCTAL ECTASY

*Hard and tender erythematous mass

*Perimenopause and postmenopause

* Small abscess at the base of the nipple

MASTITIS

- Related to lactation factors

-Sthapylococcus aureus

- May appear in puerperal phenomena

LIPOMA

*White tummor

*Mobile

*Fatty

*Most common non-epithelial neoplasm

ADENOMA

https://d3i71xaburhd42.cloudfront.net/9e93328e26e5643c8903793c13926345556b5e90/2-Figure3-1.png

-Circumscribed tumors

-Peak incidence at 20-30 years

-Scattered stroma

GALACTOCELE

*Painful breast cyst

*Condensed

*Thick milky liquid

BREAST CANCER

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS

*Axillary lymph node status

The lymph nodes are responsible for filtering lymphatic fluid and detecting chemical changes that indicate infection. When these filter points are in the armpit, doctors may call them axillary lymph nodes.

*HER2/neu

Medir la cantidad del HER2/neu en algunos tipos de células cancerosas sirve para planificar el tratamiento. También se llama c-erbB-2, HER2, receptor 2 del EGF humano y receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano.

p53

TP53 is a gene that helps stop tumors from growing. It is known as a tumor suppressor. A tumor suppressor works like the brakes on a car. Stops cells from dividing too quickly

*Tumor size

Malignant (cancer): they grow rapidly and often metastasize, that is, they migrate to other parts of the body causing new tumors

*Progesterone

Again, this means that cancer cells can receive signals from progesterone that stimulate their growth.

*Estrogen receptors

A breast cancer tumor is described as “estrogen receptor positive” if it has receptors for that hormone.

IMAGING STUDY

*MRI

*Ultrasound

*Mammography

*Biopsy

DIANOSIS

*Thorough questioning

RISK FACTORS

the use of hormone replacement therapies.

-Age

-Ductal hyperplasia

Subtopicthe diet rich in fats and meats, as well as obesity, sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of tobacco and alcohol.

-Radiotherapy

-Menopause

family history

grandmother, mother, or sister

LUMP

A breast lump is a growth of tissue develops withing your breast. Different types of breast lumps can vary in the way they look and feel.

MAIN FINDINGS

Galactorrhea

*Involutive, bilateral, spontaneous, with pregnanciy and hipothyroidism

Purulent discharge from the nipple

*Atibiotic treatment

*Can produce an abcess

*Infection

Intraductal papilloma

*Surgical removal of the duct

*Bloody discharge

*Main cause of women who are not breastfeeding

Mammary duct ectasia