Compartments of the Leg

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Clinical Relevance

Footdrop is a clinical sign indicating paralysis of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg. It is most commonly seen when the common fibular nerve (from which the deep fibular nerve arises) is damaged. In footdrop, the muscles in the anterior compartment are paralysed. The unopposed pull of the plantarflexor muscles (found in the posterior leg) produces permanent plantarflexion.

Action

Everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle

Tibialis Posterior

PF ankle; inverts foot

Fibularis Tertius

Dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot

Innervation

Fibular Vein

Fibular Artery

Tibial Nerve

Posterior Tibial Artery

Posterior Tibial Vein

Lateral Compartment

Superior/Inferior Retinaculum

Fibular Artery Branch

Superficial Fibular Nerve

(L5, S1, S2)

Fibularis Longus

Fibularis Brevis

Anterior Compartment

Retinaculum

Superior/ Inferior External Retinaculum

Innervation:

Anterior Tibial Vein

Anterior Tibial Artery

Deep Fibular Nerve

L4-L5

Mneumonic: FEET

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle

Tibialis Anterior

Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot

Posterior Compartment

Flexor Retinaculum

Superficial Posterior Compartment

Plantaris

Weakly assists gastroc in PF ankle

Soleus

Plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee

Steadies leg on foot

Gastrocnemius

Flexes leg at knee joint

Raises heel during walking

Plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended

Deep Posterior Compartment

Muscles:

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Flexes great toe at all joints

weakly PF ankle

Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexes lateral four digits

PF ankle

Supports longitdunial arches of foot

Subtopic