PROKARYOTIC & EUCARYOTIC CELLS

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Gram negative vs gram positive cell wall

Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes

PROKARYOTIC & EUCARYOTIC CELLS

Components of prokaryotic cell

structures internal to the cell wall

Inclusions

Magnetosomes

Gas vacuoles

Carboxysomes

Sulfur granules

Lipid inclusions

Polysaccharide granules

Metachromatic granules

Ribosomes

Nuclear Area

Cytoplasm

Plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane

Active processes

Passive processes

Osmosis

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

Isotonic

Facilitated diffusion

Simple diffusion

Gram negative cell wall

Gram positive cell wall

structures external to the cell wall

Fimbriae and pili

Axial filaments

Flagella

Lophotrichous

Amphitrichous

Peritrichous

Monotrichous

Glycocalyx

What is life?

Cellular structure

Metabolism

Responsiveness

Reproduction

Growth

Prokaryotic

no membrane receptors

binary fission

no membrane bound organelles

circular DNA

complex cell wall

small ribosomes

simple appendages

no cytoskeleton

unbound nucleoid

Bacterial and archaeal structures

endospore

survival under harsh condition

flagella

swimming motality

fimbriae and pili

attachment to surface

capsules and slime layers

resistance to phagocytosis

cell wall

provides shape and protection

periplasmic space

G(+) small or absent

G(-) contain hydrolytic enzymes

nucleiod

localisation of genetic material

inclusions

storage of carbons, phosphates and others

ribosomes

protein synthesis

gas vacuole

buoyancy for floating

plasma membrane

selectively permeable barrier

Eukaryotic

big ribosomes

cytoskeleton

cell wall simple when present

mitosis

membrane receptors

membrane bound organelles

linear DNA with histones

complex appendages

membrane bound nucleus and nucleolus