作者：Bharath Ravindran 13 年以前
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- Teresa of Avila was born in 1515 and died in 1582
- Carmelite nun, aided in the reform of monastic life
- Thought monastery was supposed to be all about God
- Reality hit and the truth, the spirt of quiet focus on God was lost
- Established a small convent, called Saint Joseph's, in Avilia, Spain
- Wrote The Interior Castle
- Probably inspired by her monastery experience
- Reigned after Queen Mary
- Reigned for about forty-five years
- Solidify the dominance of the Anglican church
- Wasnt able to convert everyone because dissenters wanted a Calvinist religion.
- One of the Catholics executed for their faith
- Been a chacellor of England
- Was a lawyer and a writer
- invented the term for ideal world, utopia
- Rejected the head of the Chruch of England who was Henry
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- Reigned from 1509 to 1547
- Was given the title defender of the faith by Leo
- Didnt like Luthers thoughts and his idea to revolt
- Was desperate to have a baby son
- Married about 7 times to make a son
- Fourth wife delievered a baby boy
- Died while married to his 7th wife
- Clement didnt let him divorce so he broke away from the church so he could divorce.
- Born in 1509 and died in 1564
- Inspired by Luthers ideas to create Calvanism
- Ideas included very simple church worship
- Wrote The Institutes of the Christian Relgion
- wrote about his undersanding of Christian faith and practice
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- Pope during the releasing of Ninety-Five theses
- saw it as an arguement among monks
- Luther wrote it directly to Leo to deny any heresy
- Wasn't concerned about the controversy
- Leo stopped people from selling indulgences
- trying to bring reform like Teresa's to the Carmelite friars
- Inspired by Teresa of Avila
- loved the teachings taught in The Interior Castle
- talks about how God can come through prayer and love
- took office in Rome during the time Henry VIII assumed headship of the Chruch of England
- Interested in the reform within the Catholic Church
- decided to hold a general church council, Protestant invited
- had 2 main purposes for this
-1. bring protestants and catholics back together
-2. to state clearly the principal teachings of the Catholic church
- called Bloody Mary because she executed hundreds of Anglicans.
- Reigned for a little while after Henry VII died
- Executed 100s of Anglicans because of their religion
- Pope during the time of King Henry VIII
- Refused to grant the divorce for Henry
- Church ws conviced that the marriage was valid
- Also couldnt grant the divorce because it involved Charles V who was a nephew of Catherine, Henrys wife
- Born in 1484 and died in 1531
- Also acceptedd the thoughts of Luther
- Also accepted Calvanism
- He wanted to help people
- Protestants wanted follow him because he liked Luthers thoughts.
- Worked constantly in spite of chronically poor health
- elected to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire
- Excommunied Luther from the Church
- Hated Luther's thoughts about indulgences
- Burnt people who were considered heretics
- Agreed with German national assembly decision to let Catholicism practice anywhere
- Also signed the Peace of Augusburg which said that local rulers could choose the religion of their domain
- Born in 1483 and died in 1546
- was serious Augustinian priest and monk
- Wrote Ninety-Five Theses, nailed it to the church door
- Initiated radical change in history
- Theses was about forgiveness an meaning of indulgence
- Started the Lutherin Church
