作者：Krishnan Subramanian 13 年以前
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Rate
Decoupling
Simplification
Decomposition
Interfaces
Sub System
Out of the System
Use at Later date
More Useful Form
Into System
From Outside
Probabilistic
Average Demand, Average time for replenishment, Instructions given to human
Certain Degree of Error attache to what system will do
Probable Behaviour
Deterministic
Computer Program according to set of instructions
Description of - given point plus description
Next state known with certainity
Interaction amongst the parts - Known certainity
Predictable Manner
Automated
Reasons - computers
Quck decision making - Tools - For decsion making
quick - effiecient transportation of Data
Quick Retrieval of information on query
Quick and accurate processing of Data
Storing Enormous Volume of Data
Handling Huge Volumes of Data
Not 100% automated
to carry out all the tasks
Computers or Microprocessors are used
Manual
Final Reporting
Maintanance
Data Collection
Carried out by Human Efforts
Physical
Parts interact to achieve Objective
Display activity/ Behavior
Accomplish Objective
Weapons System
Operate Together
Transportation System
Tangeable Elements
Circulatory Systems
Abstract
Interdependant Ideas or Constructs
Orderly Arrangement
Conceptual or Model
Ideas about god
Closed
Movement to disorder is is increase in ENTROPY
Decay or disordered or disorganized
Negative ENTEROPY - Maintanance
to repair replenish and maintain system
Inputs of Matter and Energy
Offsetting increase in entropy
Disorder in a system
Quantitative Measure
Finally Run down or disorganized
does not change with change in environment
Does not Interact with change in Systems
Open
Influenced by elements outside system Boundary
Change in environment - Change in system
taking Input - Returning Output
Interacts freely with environment
Office Automation Systems
Building Blocks - OAS
Teleconferencing and Video Conferencing Systems
Electronic Message Communication Systems
Voice Mail
Fascimile (Fax)
Electronic Mail
Features
Economical
Portability
Integration with other Information Systems
Broadcasting and Re-routing
Online Development and Editing
Electronic Transmissions
Electronic Document Management Systems
Text Processors and related systems
Benefits - OAS
Types of Operations
Recording Utilization of Resources
Calculations
Filling, Search, Retrieval and Follow up
Receipts and Distrubution
Document Creation
Document Capture
Management Support Systems
Types of MSS
Expert Systems
Components - ESS
User Interface
Knowledge Accquisitiion Sub - System
Inference Engine
Knowledge Base
Expert System Development - Potential Qualification
Structure
Expertise
Domain
Complexity
Availability
Benifits - Expert Systems
Need - Expert Systems
Business Applications
General Business
Accounting and Finance
Executive Information System
Executive Decision Making Environment
Contents - EIS
Differntiate between EIS and Traditional Information Systems
Charecteristics of Types of Information used for decision Making
Low Level of Detail
Informal Source
Future Orientation
High Degree of Uncertainity
Lack of structure
Executive Roles and Decision Making
Fire Fighting
Tactical Planning
Strategic Planning
Charecteristics - EIS
Definition - Executives
Definition - EIS
Decision Support System
Examples - DSS - Accounting
General Decision Support System
Budget Variance Analysis System
Capital Budgeting System
Cost Accounting System
Components of DSS
Model Base
Planning Languages
Special Purpose Planning Languages
General Purpose Planning Languages
Levels of Implementation
External Level
Logical Level
Physical Level
The user
Staff Specialists (Analysts)
Manager
Charecteristics
Ease of Learning and use
Flexibility to adapt to changing needs
Semi structured and Unstructured Decisions
incl Programmed Decision Systems
Operation Support Systems
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
Limitations - ERP System
Benefits - ERP System
Flexibility in Business Operations
Enhanced Customer Satisfaction
Decentralized Decision Making
Proactive Decision Making
Lower Operating Costs
Better use of Organizational Resources
Features - ERP System
Charecteristics - ERP System
Best Business Practices
Modular and Open
Flexible
Myths of ERP System
Integration of Various Business processes
Consolidation of Business Operations
Personnel
Finance
Marketing
Quality Control
Maintanance
Production
Business System
Objectives
Management Information Systems
Limitations - MIS
Effects of using Computers - MIS
More Comprehensive Information
Increases the effectiveness of Information systems
Integrates the working of different Information systems
Complexity of system design and operation increased
Scope of Analysis widened
Speed of processing and retrieval of data increases
Constraints - Operating an MIS
Prerequisites - MIS
Evaluation - MIS
Control and Maintanance of MIS
Support of Top Management
Qualified System and Management Staff
Database
Misconceptions - MIS
Charecteristics - Effective MIS
Computerized
Common Database
Sub System Concept
Heavy Planning Component
Common Data Flows
Integrated
Management Directed
Management Oriented
Functions
Information Use
Determination of Information needs
Data Gathering and Processing
Evaluation Indexing and abstraction
Desimination
Systems
Information
Management
Transaction Processing Systems
TPS - Features
Sources of Input for Other Systems
Benefits are easily measurable
Automation of Basic Operations
Large Volume of Data
TPS - Components
Outputs
Storage
Processing
Inputs
Definition and Activities
Supervisory Level Management
Operational Data
Midlle Level Management
Tactical Level
Top Level Management
Strategic Level
Human Resource Management
Inventory / Stock management
Manufacturing
Marketing and Sales
Finance and Accounting
People
Procedures
Data
Software
Hardware
Operational Level or Supervisory Level
Tactical level or Middle Level
Strategic Level or Top Level
Non-Programmed Decisions
Programmed Decisions
