类别 全部 - solutions - intermolecular - concentration - mixtures

作者:Marcela Costa 2 年以前

131

Solutions

In chemistry, the concept of solutions is fundamental, involving the formation of homogeneous mixtures where solutes are uniformly distributed within solvents. Concentration measures such as molarity, percent concentration, and parts per million are pivotal in quantifying the amount of solute in a solution.

Solutions

Solutions

Solution calculations

Molar concentration/molarity
Parts per million/billion
Concentration
Standard solution
Percent concentration

Dilutions

Stock solution
Dilutes

Changes the concentration

Electrolytes

Ph scale
Neutral
Basic
Acidic
Measures the degree to which a solution ionizes

Arrhenius Theory

Bases
Dissociation

Production of hydroxide ions

Acids
Ionization

Production of hydrogen ions

"Like dissolves like"

Ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents
Non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents
Polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents

Intermolecular forces make it possible

It can interfere depending on the polarity

Homogenous mixture

Mixture with just one phase
Heterogenous mixture
It has two or more distinct phases
Solute
Solute that does not dissociate
E.g.: salt and sugar
Solvent
E.g.: water (water is polar)