类别 全部 - effects - regulation - administration - addiction

作者:Emily Beaver 4 年以前

153

Stimulants

Substances like cocaine and amphetamines are commonly used stimulants with various medicinal and recreational forms. Cocaine is available as crack, powder, and coca paste, while amphetamines include methamphetamine, Adderall, and Ritalin.

Stimulants

Stimulants

Khat

leaves/shoots wrapped in banana leaves

Schedule I

no medical use

Africa

legal

Ethiopia

Somalia

Yemen

Kenya

Djibouti

banned for use

Turkey

Jordan

reduce catecholaminergic synapse receptors
possible violent behavior
high physcial dependence
chewed
orally ingested in tea
increase dopamine release and slow reuptake
traditional

chewed by Eastern Africans

medicinal

stomach ulcers

male infertility

fatigue

diabetes

recreational

to lift mood

Amphetamine

methamphetamine

Desoxyn

Crystal meth

prescription

Adderall

Dextroamphetamine

Focalin

Dexedrine

Ritalin

Illegal to sell

decriminalization- $100 fine for user amounts

medically legal

stimulates sympathetic branch of ANS
dilates bronchioles

severe anxiety

convulsions

addiction

withdrawal

chronic psychosis

Acute toxicity

increased blood pressure

increase heart rate

increase breathing

increase blood sugar

paranoia

snorting
injravenous injection
pill ingestion
stimulates release of neurotransmitters

increase soldier performance

depression thehrapy

ADHD

weight control

narcolepsy

Cocaine

Common Forms
Crack
Coca paste
Cocaine Hydrochloride (powder)
Regulation
United States

Oregon

decriminalized- $100 fine for user amount

illegal to sell

Schedule II

not legal,

physician prescription non-refillable

How it Works
blocks reuptake of neurotransmitters
Concerns
chronic toxicity

strong addiction

physical withdrawal symptoms

damaged mucous membranes (snorting)

heart palpitations & arrhythmias

use during pregnancy

"crack babies"

acute toxicity

insomnia

overdose

Administration
smoking
intravenous
inhalation
Effects
affects catecholamine receptors
CNS stimulation
Uses
Recreational

increase performance

Medicinal

local anesthesia