Noun Plurals

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Noun Plurals

Irregular Plural Forms

Some nouns form their plural not by adding the ending -s/-es, but by changing the letters in the root of the word.

tooth - teeth

louse - lice

mouse - mice

ox - oxen

child - children

woman - women

man - men

Nouns ending in -f or -fe

Nouns witch end in two vowels plus -f usually form plurals with just an -s

spoof - spoofs

Chief - chiefs

If a nouns ends in -f or -fe, witch is precede by a consonant or a single vowel change the -f or -fe to -ves

thief - thieves

wife - wives

scarf - scarves

half - halves

Knife - knives

Nouns ending in -y

If the noun ends with a consonant plus -y, make the plural by changing -y to -ies

daisy - dasies

activity - activities

Berry - berries

Some nouns have the same singular and plural form

an alms - alms

a species - different species

a dozen - six dozen

a salmon - several salmon

a fish - two fish

a swine - several swine

a moose - five moose

a deer - two deer

one sheep - two sheep

Nouns ending in -o

Nouns ending in -o can add either -s or -es in the plurals, and some can be spelled either way.

There are some common nouns ending in -o that can be spelled with either -s or -es in the plural

mango - mangos or mangoes

halo - halos or haloes

ghetto - ghettos or ghettoes

flamingo - flamingos or flamingoes

cargo - cargo or cargoes

banjo - banjos or banjoes

Those witch have a vowel before the final -o always just add -s

zoo - zoos

studio - studios

As a general rule, most nouns ending in -o add -s to make the plural

avocado - avocados

Solo - solos

Nouns ending in -ch, -s, -sh, -x, or -z

But if the -ch ending is pronounsed with a `k` sound, you add -s rather than -es

epoch - epochs

stomach - stomachs

If the noun ends with -ch, -s, -sh, -x, or -z, add -es to form the plural

fox - foxes

bus - buses

Church - churches