KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM

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Religions

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by Mardhatillah Marzuki

Cultural Mind Map - CUC107

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UNGS 2040 SECTION 8 MUHAMMAD HILMAN BIN ANNUAR 1512005 G7 - ABU BAKR MUHAMMAD BIN AL-RAZI

FUNCTION

Qur’an says: “And whatsoever the messenger brought to you, follow it. And whatsoever he forbids, abstain from it” (al-Hashr:7)

May contain some unmentioned rules in the Qur’an

The concrete implementation & actual embodiment of the Qur’an

Deals with some general, undetermined or unelaborated ahkam in the Qur’an

An elaboration & commentary on the Qur’an

No Islam without the adoption of the Sunnah

The second source after the Qur’an

TYPE OF KNOWLEDGE

Types of Knowledge in The Qur’an

History and Civilization

Wisdom

Political systems

Prophecies

Economic systems

Laws & commandments

Halal & haram

Human and social relations

Physical and Natural Sciences

Religious sciences

Types of Knowledge in The Sunnah

Nation building and social reformat

Da‘wah

Leadership

Manner of conduct

Laws

Halal and haram

Worship (‘ibadah)

THE SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE

Five Senses

Reason

Intuition

Nature/ physical world

Revelation: The Qur’an & the Sunnah

THE CLASSIFICATION OF KNOWLEDGE

LIMITED KNOWLEDGE

Acquired Knowledge

Praiseworthy

Fard Kifayah

Fard Ain

Blameworthy

By itself

By external influnce

Gifted Knowledge

Instinct

Sacred

ABSOLUTE KNOWLEDGE

THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAM

ADAB & KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

Ignore the different opinion

Be humble

Minimize affairs of the world

Purify soul

KNOWLEDGE VS INFORMATION

INFORMATION

Perceived differently

Easily understood by everyone

General data

KNOWLEDGE

can be shared, but maybe perceived differently

made up of factors such as beliefs and experiences

Personal experince

DEGREES OF KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge by inner experience (Haqq al-Yaqin).

Knowledge by perception & observation (‘Ayn al-Yaqin).

Knowledge by inference (‘Ilm al-Yaqin)

THE IMPORTANCE

Knowledge is a prerequisite for authentic peace

Islam is religion based on knowledge

Obligation as a khalifah

The first relevation to the Rasulullah S.A.W

DEFINITION

Techniacally -Realization of the meanings of things (Al-Ghazzali) -The obtainment of the meaning of an object in the soul & its arrival at the meaning (Al-Attas) -Realization of something in its true nature -A firm belief that accords with the reality of things (47:19)

Literally From arabic word 'ilm -Al-ma'rifah : knowing by experiment -Al-Fiqh : Understanding -Tadabbur : Observation -Basiran : Mental perception -Tazakkur : Remembrance -Tafakkur : Thought