Macromolecules Concept Map

Macromolecules are essential biological molecules that are categorized into four main types: nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are composed of nucleotides and play a crucial role in storing and transmitting hereditary information.

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Functions: Stores and transmits hereditary information

Examples: DNA (deocyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Has three parts: 1. A Base 2. A Pentose sugar 3. A Phosphate group

Functions: Hormones, enzymes, movement, immune system

Examples: Muscles, skin, fingernails, hair

20 different kinds of amino acids

Functions: Energy storage, very rich, cushions organs, 2x carbohydrates

Examples: Fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids

Insulates body

General picture

Functions: Quick energy source, energy storage, structure

Examples: Sugars, starch, cellulose, glycogen

Always a 1:2:1 ratio

General picture: