Categorie: Tutti

da Illya Chang mancano 4 anni

225

Ch3Socialbelief&Judgements

在社会心理学中,人们的信念和判断往往受到多种因素的影响,其中包括错觉思维、过度自信、直觉判断和归因理论。错觉思维如控制错觉和平均回归现象会影响人们对随机事件的解读;过度自信则可能源于能力不足或是计划谬误,政治和股票经纪人的过度自信也是常见现象。直觉判断是基于过去经验和家庭背景形成的,有时会通过启发式(如可得性启发和代表性启发)来简化决策过程,但也可能导致误判。

Ch3Socialbelief&Judgements

Ch3 Social belief&Judgements

​Explain our social worlds

​The fundamental attribution error
​cultural differences
​perspective&situational awareness

​Self-awareness

​Perspectives change with time

​Camera perspective bias

​Actor-observer perspectives

​Attributing causality
​Commonsense attributions

​consensus

​distinctivenss

​consistency

​Spontaneous trait inference
​Attribution theory

​situational attribution

​dispositional attribution

​misattribution

​Judge our social worlds

​Moods&Judgments
​Illusory thinking

<p>random events</p><p>错误地将neutral stimulus和UR连接在一起</p><p><br></p>

​Illusion of control

​Regression toward the average

​Gambling

​Illusory correlation
​Counterfactual thinking

<p>相似性(similarity)越高,越会产生counterfactual thinking(Ex:第一名和第二名)</p>

​Heuristics: Mental Shortcuts
​Availability heuristic
​Representativeness heuristic

<p>增加知识=&gt;降低直觉的危险性</p>

​Overconfidence

<p>能力不足的人会促进overconfidence(不自知)</p><p>Adler的(superiority)理论--人是自知的</p>

​Reduce overconfidence bias

​why their judgments might be wrong

​unpack a task

​prompt feedback

​Confirmation bias
​political overconfidence
​stockbroker overconfidence
​planning fallacy
​Intuitive judgments

<p>受过去的experience\原生家庭的影响</p>

​automatic processing
​controlled processing

​Perceive our social worlds

​Constructing memories
​reconstruct behavior
​reconstruct attitudes
​misinformation effect
​Belief preseverance

<p>信念很难改变</p><p>method to change it=&gt;提醒他、鼓励他可以松动他的思维(不能强迫他)</p>

​Perceiving&Interpreting events
​Others' perceptions of us
​Perceptions of others
​Political perceptions
​Priming