Categorie: Tutti - memory - cognitive - social - metacognitive

da Grace Julan Chambers mancano 9 anni

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Classifications of Language Learning Strategies

Various scholars have developed frameworks to classify language learning strategies, each contributing unique perspectives. Rubin's classification emphasizes social, cognitive, and metacognitive strategies, highlighting the importance of self-management, goal setting, and practice.

Classifications of Language Learning Strategies

Classifications of Language Learning Strategies

O'Malley (1985)

Socio-affective Strategies
questioning/requesting clarification
co-operating
Cognitive Strategies
inferencing
transfer
elaboration
contextualization
auditory representation
key word
imagery
deduction
recombination
note-taking
grouping
translation
resourcing
repetition
Metacognitive Strategies
self-evaluation
delayed production
self-monitoring
functional planning
selective attention
directed attention
advance organizers

Rubin (1987)

Communication Strategies
using communicative skill to remain conversation
Learning Strategies

self-management

setting goals

prioritizing

planning

monitoring

memorizing

practice

guessing

verification/clarification

Social Strategies

Oxford (1990)

Indirect
Social

Working with peers

Cooperating with others

Asking questions

Affective

Encouraging oneself

Reducing anxiety

Metacognitive

Selecting resources

Identifying resources

Direct
Memory (Mnemonics)

Using key words

Grouping

Cognitive

Summarizing

Analyzing

Structuring

Compensation

Gesturing

Guessing

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