Categories: All - cells - color - light - materials

by zander rivers 5 months ago

322

SNC2D

The content covers fundamental principles of optics, including the electromagnetic spectrum and the behavior of light. Various materials interact with light differently, being classified as translucent, transparent, or opaque based on how much light they let through.

SNC2D

SNC2D

A microorganism is an organism so small that people cannot see them with the naked eye.

Microorganisms can be harmful and useful organisms.

Optics

Harmful microorganisms include fungi, bacteria, protozoa, etc.

They cause several diseases in human beings, animals, and plants, which can even lead to death.

The harmful microorganisms not only can damage the human body, but also the food we eat.

subtractive colour approach
the color you see is being reflected off the subtractive surface
objects absorb all the colour except the one being seen which is being reflected
additive color approach
additive primary colours red green and blue

when mixing primary colours create secondary colours such as green magenta and cyan

used by luminous objects

ex:computer and TV's

when light energy is added a colour appears brighter
electrmagnetic spectrum
where all waves are included
how light behaves

What diseases can they cause?

the light ray can pass through the medium

transmited

types of materials'

Give examples of how the spread of harmful organisms can be prevented.

opaque

no light passes through

ex: wood and walls

translucent

some lght passes through but not all

ex:stained glass

transparent

all light passes through

ex: windows and a plate of glass

light

Give examples of how harmful organisms can spread.

a wave of energy that travels in a straight line when illuminates things creates a color

Climate Change

Research about the main characteristics of the microorganisms and give examples!

greenhouse effect
The anthropogenies greenhouse effect

Greenhouse gasses being produced by human activities such as burning Fossler fuels

Natual greenhouse effect

Helps keep the earth at a temperature that can sustain life

Combustion
incomplete Combustion

When burring something without enough oxygen

complete Combustion

A reaction that produces dangerous products

Effects of climate change
Mitigation

Changing things we do now a days to help prevent climate change in the future

Adaptation

Adjusting our lifestyle and activities to climate change

4 types of spheres
Biosphere

All plants, animals, and bacteria

Lithosphere

Solid rock, soil and minerals

Hydrosphere

Liquid water, water vapour

Atmosphere

Gasses that surround the earth

Climate versus weather
Weather

Enviornmental's conditions that are hopping in a certain place or time

Climate

average temperature in a reign or over a long period of time

chemsty

Microorganisms help in the production of many food items, making medicines, keeping the environment clean, in manufacturing, and in research.

Types of reactions
Neutralization
Synthesis

he process by which one or more chemical reactions are performed with the aim of converting a reactant or starting material into a product or multiple products.

double displacement

During a reaction when the reaction makes teo different compounds

Single displacement

When a element in a reaction is replaced with another element

PH levels
The ph. level determines how acidic a liquid is which can be tested with in decanters

universal

phenolphthalein

magnesium

bromothymol blue

Blue litmus

Red litmus

Acids and bases
Bases

Makes OH-

Conducts electricity

Contains metal

Bitter

Acids

Makes H2

Contains nonmetals

Conducts electricity's

Dissolves in water

Corrosive

Sour

Compounds

Microorganisms have a role in waste disposal, agriculture, and nutrient recycling.

Give examples of these types.

Polyatomic compounds

2 or more elements the combined to each other to make a new element

Bionic compounds

when a metal and a non metal combined

Ionic compounds

attracted by opposite charges

Diagrams

Give examples of bacteria used in the pharmaceutical industry.

Bohr rutherford
Lewis ion
Classifying matter

Give examples of Microorganisms in food production.

Mixture of elements and compounds

all of the above

Mixture of compounds

4 or more elements that combined to each other

Mixture of elements

3 or more elements on the table

Compound

two elements on the table

Element

single element on the table

biology

There are five types of microorganisms. Out of these five, four can be free-living or parasitic.

There is one that can be only parasitic since it always reproduces inside other living things.

After enumerating them, click on the flags below to mark the ones which can be free-living and the ones that cannot.

can be free-living

only parasitic

compound microscope
Base

Supports the whole microscope

Light source

To shine through the specimen for easier seeing

Stage

To place the specimen on

Stage clip

Hold the specimen in place

Lense

to magnify whatever you are looking at

Fine focus knob

Sharpen the image being produced though the eye piece

Focus knob

To bring the specimen into near focus

iris diaphragm

allows you to change the amount of light passing though the microscope

Arm

Give a part to carry the microscope by

Eye piece

Magnifies the object on the microscope

Body systems
lymphatic

protects from desies and transports fats includes; white blood cells and thymus

Reproductive

Controls reproduction includes; ovaries tubes vagina penis testis

Excretory

Eliminates waste includes; kidney skin bladder and urethra

Endocrine

Controls growth and metabolism includes

Nervous

Controls body function and coordinates response includes; brain nerves and spine

Circulatory

Transports materials throughout the body includes; heart and blood vessels

Muscular

Works with the skeletal system to help movement in the body includes; smooth cardiac

Skeletal

Supports body and allows movement includes; bones and cartilage

Digestive

Ingestion, digestion, absorption of nutrients; includes mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, and intestines rectum

Respiratory

Exchange of gases; includes Nose and mouth

Plant and animal cells
Nucleus

The brain of the cell

Cell membrane

Helps contain all the organelles in the cell (only in plant cells)

Mitochondria

The powerhouse

Cytoplasm

Provides a gel like base to support the organelles

Ribosomes

A micro machine for making proteins

Golgi apportius

Packages useful materials and sends them outside the cell

Lysosome

Breaks down food, waste and other materials.

Vacuole

Type of microorganism

Chloroplast

Makes food for the cell

Cell wall

contains everything

Mitosis
elophase and Cystinosis

This is the last stage of mitosis which is when the wall starts to be built in between the cells to make two new cells

Anaphase

This is the point where the duplicated cells start to part ways an move apart from each other

Metaphase

This is the point where the duplicated DNA and chromosomes are in the middle of the cell getting read to part

Prophase

The phase of which the cells start to duplicate the DNA located in the nucleus to create two alike cells

Interphase

The point of the cell cycle of which the cell has the most life

Plant and animal tissue
Animal

Nervous tissue

responds to stimuli and transmits and stores information.

Muscle tissue

allows movement

Connective tissue

supports and protects structures, forms blood, stores fat and fills empty space

Epithelial tissue

lines body cavities an outer surface of the body and produces sweat

Plant

Vascular tissue

transports sugars from the leaves to other parts of the plants

Epidermal tissue

allows the exchange of materials and gases into and out. Of the plants Ground tissue provides support for the stem and stores food and water and in the leaves this is where photosynthesis takes place

Meristematic

unspecialized tissue capable of dividing by mitosis Found in different parts of the plant Responsible for growing new parts of the plants